This article was featured on the front page in January, 2022.
This is a Hurmu article. Click here for more information.

Senate of the Lakes: Difference between revisions

From MicrasWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
(35 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Feature|January, 2022}}{{Hurmu article}}
{{Feature|January, 2022}}{{Hurmu article}}
The '''Senate of the Lakes''', also known as the '''Senate of Hurmu''' and the '''Senate''', is the legislature and sovereign of the Order of the Holy Lakes, and, by extension, [[Hurmu]]. The Senate is also the constitutional court of Hurmu, and it decides on rules governing the [[Order of the Holy Lakes]].  
The '''Senate of the Lakes''', also known as the '''Senate of Hurmu''' and the '''Senate''', is the legislature and sovereign of the [[Order of the Holy Lakes]], and, by extension, [[Hurmu]]. The Senate is also the constitutional court of Hurmu, and it decides on rules governing the [[Order of the Holy Lakes]].  


The Senate consists of 18 senators. Senators hold permanent seats. Senators may gift or will away their seat. The Senate may also destroy seats or create new ones to be filled by internal election (i.e., the Senate elects a person to fill the seat) or external election (i.e., the adult members of the [[Order of the Holy Lakes]] elect someone to fill the seat).
The Senate consists of 18 senators. Senators hold permanent seats. Senators may gift or will away their seat. The Senate may also destroy seats or create new ones to be filled by internal election (i.e., the Senate elects a person to fill the seat) or external election (i.e., the adult members of the [[Order of the Holy Lakes]] elect someone to fill the seat).
[[File:Palace of the elenaran 1723.png|thumb|right|The [[Palace of the Elenaran]], where the Senate of the Lakes meets.]]
The Senate was originally created by [[Prince Andelarion]] as the '''Electorate of Hurmu''' in {{AN|1514}}. Quickly renamed to the Senate of the Lakes, it was in session from {{AN|1522}} to {{AN|1536}} ([[First Senate|I]]), from {{AN|1542}} to {{AN|1558}} ([[Second Senate|II]]), and from {{AN|1570}} to {{AN|1574}} ([[Third Senate|III]]). Thereafter, it was in session from {{AN|1574}} until {{AN|1599}} ([[Fourth Senate|IV]]) as the merged Senate of [[Realm of Elwynn and Hurmu|Elwynn and Hurmu]], and from {{AN|1599}} as the Senate of an independent Hurmu once more, until {{AN|1603}} ([[Fifth Senate|V]]), when it was effectively destroyed during the [[Hurmu genocide]]. After Hurmu's reunification in {{AN|1690}}, the Senate has been in seven sessions: {{AN|1690}}–{{AN|1695}} ([[Sixth Senate|VI]]), {{AN|1695}}–{{AN|1701}} ([[Seventh Senate|VII]]), {{AN|1701}}–{{AN|1707}} ([[Eighth Senate|VIII]]), {{AN|1708}}–{{AN|1712}} ([[Ninth Senate|IX]]), {{AN|1713}}–{{AN|1718}} ([[Tenth Senate|X]]), and from {{AN|1719}} and onwards ([[Eleventh Senate|XI]]).
The [[First Senate]] began with 12 senators. The largest Senate occurred in {{AN|1598}} with 25 senators ([[Fourth Senate]]), and the smallest Senate was also in the Fourth Senate, in its early years {{AN|1674}}–{{AN|1681}} with only four Senators.
Since the Senate's reestablishment in {{AN|1690}}, the Senate first had 9 members until {{AN|1701}} when it was doubled. Ever since, the Senate has had 18 members. On 1.I.1728, the Senate will be expanded with two new members, giving the Senate 20 members. It is expected that the Senate that meets then will be known as the [[Twelfth Senate]] (XII).


==Names ==
==Names ==
Line 37: Line 45:
| [[Hurmu Norse]] || Aldraraaðeð sjooa
| [[Hurmu Norse]] || Aldraraaðeð sjooa
|-
|-
| [[Hurmumol]] || Be-Gep b'-u-Yakwer-ka b'-u-Walk
| [[Hurmumol]] || Be-Gep b'-u-Yakwer-ka b'-u-Kwaj-ka
|-
|-
| Jing || 湖元老院
| Jing || 湖元老院
Line 61: Line 69:


== Current Senate ==
== Current Senate ==
{{main|Eleventh Senate}}
{{main|Twelfth Senate}}


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Seat No !! Portrait !! Coat of Arms !! Name !! Birth !! Age !! Took seat !! Faction !! Comment
! Seat No !! Portrait !! Coat of Arms !! Name !! Birth !! Age !! Took seat !! Faction !! Title/Position !! Comment
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 1|1]] || [[file:Linaomiai.png|75px]] || [[File:Li naomiai coa.png|75px]] || [[Li Naomiai Avon-El]] || 1627 [[Cape Farewell (county)|Michaelion]] || {{AgeAN|1627}}|| 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>[[Chancellor of the Order of the Holy Lakes|Chancellor]] (Presiding officer) </small>
| [[Senate Seat 1|1]] || [[File:MarcusAvonElMyksos.png|75px]] || [[File:Sara eskenderion coa.png|75px]] || [[Marcus Avon-El Myksos]] || 1702 ([[Kezan]]) || {{AgeAN|1702}}) || 1722 (15.VI.1722) || || <small>'''[[Commander of the Order of the Holy Lakes|Commander]]'''</small><br><small>'''[[Prince among the Lakes]]'''</small><br><small>'''[[Regent of the Lakes]]'''</small><br><small>[[Dutch of Vigeland]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 2|2]] || [[File:1715 Enkhjargal al-Osman.jpeg|75px]] || || [[Ghawetkiin Enkhjargal]] || 1672 [[Ghawlama]] || {{AgeAN|1672}}) || 1719 (1.I.1719)  || Humanist ||  
| [[Senate Seat 2|2]] || [[File:1715 Enkhjargal al-Osman.jpeg|75px]] || [[File:Lontinien coa.png|75px]] || [[Ghawetkiin Enkhjargal]] || 1672 [[Ghawlama]] || {{AgeAN|1672}}) || 1695 (1.X.1695)  || Humanist || <small>'''[[Lontinien|Khanun of Lontinien]]'''</small><br><small>'''''Mother of the House'''''</small>||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 3|3]] || [[file:KarelKyle03.jpg|75px]] || [[File:Vinandygroot.png|75px]] || [[Karel des Vinandy]] || 1676 [['s Koningenwaarde]] || {{AgeAN|1676}}) || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 3|3]] || || [[File:Woodrow arms.png|75px]] || [[Sooraj Wasli]] || 1691 || {{AgeAN|1691}} || 1726 (6.XV.1726) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 4|4]] || [[File:JayaPrabhu.jpg|75px]] || || [[Jaya Prabhu]] || 1676 || {{AgeAN|1676}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 4|4]] || [[File:JayaPrabhu.jpg|75px]] || [[File:Woodrow arms.png|75px]] || [[Jaya Prabhu]] || 1676 || {{AgeAN|1676}} || 1702 (1.I.1702) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 5|5]] || [[File:SaurabhFarrah.jpg|75px]] || || [[Saurabh Farrah]] || 1680 ||{{AgeAN|1680}} ||  1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 5|5]] || [[File:SaurabhFarrah.jpg|75px]] || [[File:Woodrow arms.png|75px]] || [[Saurabh Farrah]] || 1680 ||{{AgeAN|1680}} ||  1702 (1.I.1702) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 6|6]] || [[File:Mondoseal.svg|75px]] || [[File:Coat of arms of Etzeland.svg|75px]] || [[Mondo Etzeterra]] || Unknown || Unknown || 1719 (1.I.1719)  || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] ||
| [[Senate Seat 6|6]] || [[File:Mondoseal.svg|75px]] || [[File:Mondo Hurmu coa.svg|75px]] || [[Mondo Etzeterra]] || Unknown || Unknown || 1708 (1.I.1708)  || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>'''Earl of [[Samhold]] and [[Karnamark]]</small>'''<br><small>[[Kaiser of Etzeland]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 7|7]] || [[File:Royaalosman.jpeg|75px]] || || [[Roya al-Osman]] || 1686 || {{AgeAN|1686}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] || <small>Inherited the seat from [[Jamshid-e Osman]]</small>
| [[Senate Seat 7|7]] || [[File:Royaalosman.jpeg|75px]] || [[File:Khan of vijayanagara.png|75px]] || [[Roya al-Osman]] || 1686 || {{AgeAN|1686}} || 1720 (24.II.1720) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] || <small>[[Suren Confederacy|Crown Princess of the Suren]]</small> || <small>Senator also 1713–1718 </small>
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 8|8]] || [[File:Khoga Checheyigen.jpeg|75px]] || || [[Khoga Checheyigen]] || 1669 || {{AgeAN|1669}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 8|8]] || [[File:Khoga Checheyigen.jpeg|75px]] || || [[Khoga Checheyigen]] || 1669 || {{AgeAN|1669}} || 1713 (1.I.1713) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 9|9]] || [[File:Senatrix Isabella III Güntherdohtor Merrick.jpeg|75px]] ||[[File:House of Merrick CoA.png|75px]] || [[Isabella III Güntherdohtor Merrick]] || 1686 || {{AgeAN|1686}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 9|9]] || [[File:Viricmerricface.png|75px]] ||[[File:House of Merrick CoA.png|75px]] || [[Viric Merrick]] || 1679 || {{AgeAN|1679}} || 1729 (12.VIII.1729) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 10|10]] || [[File:Fahime Jafarnejad.jpeg|75px]] || || [[Fahime Jafarnejad]] || 1686  || {{AgeAN|1686}}) || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 10|10]] || [[File:1729 Kamran al-Osman.png|75px]] || || [[Kamran al-Osman]] || 1701 || {{AgeAN|1701}}) || 1729 (12.VIII.1729) || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 11|11]] || [[File:Asmilaavonel.jpeg|75px]] || || [[Asmila Avon-El]] || 1690 || {{AgeAN|1690}}|| 1719 (1.I.1719)  || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 11|11]] || [[File:Samiracapricimaleki.png|75px]] || || [[Samira Avon-El Myksos]] || 1705 || {{AgeAN|1705}}|| 1729 (11.II.1729)  || – || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 12|12]] || [[File:Ichiro.jpeg|75px]] || [[File:Varmland coa.png|75px]] || [[Ichirō|Ichirō of Varmland]] || 1693 || {{AgeAN|1693}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || [[Commander of the Order of the Holy Lakes|Commander]]
| [[Senate Seat 12|12]] || [[File:Ichiro.jpeg|75px]] || [[File:Varmland coa.png|75px]] || [[Ichirō|Ichirō of Varmland]] || 1693 || {{AgeAN|1693}} || 1713 (1.I.1713) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>[[Prince of Shireroth]]</small><br><small>[[Viscount Audon of Varmland]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 13|13]] || [[File:Rosamund.png|75px]] || [[File:Rosamund coa.png|75px]] || [[Rosamund|Rosamund al-Osman Primo de Aguilar]] || 1673 || {{AgeAN|1673}} || 1719 (1.I.1719)  || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 13|13]] || [[File:Rosamund.png|75px]] || [[File:Rosamund coa.png|75px]] || [[Rosamund|Rosamund al-Osman Primo de Aguilar]] || 1673 || {{AgeAN|1673}} || 1719 (1.I.1719)  || [[Humanist List|Humanist]] || <small>'''[[Chancellor of the Order of the Holy Lakes|Chancellor]]'''</small><br><small>'''[[Amaland|Commissioner of Amaland]]'''</small><br><small>[[Constancia|Princess of Constancia]]</small><br> <small>[[Mar Sara|Duchess of Mar Sara]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 14|14]] ||   || || [[Sackhcham Kapudia]] || 1681 || {{AgeAN|1681}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 14|14]] || [[File:Sackhcham Kapudia.png|75px]] || [[File:Woodrow arms.png|75px]] || [[Sackhcham Kapudia]] || 1681 || {{AgeAN|1681}} || 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[Conservative List|Conservative]] || ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 15|15]] || [[File:Catherine wythe.png|75px]]|| [[File:Catherine wythe coa (2).png|75px]] || [[Catherine Wythe]] || 1689 || {{AgeAN|1689}})|| 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] ||  
| [[Senate Seat 15|15]] || [[File:Catherine wythe.png|75px]]|| [[File:Catherine wythe coa (2).png|75px]] || [[Catherine Wythe]] || 1689 || {{AgeAN|1689}})|| 1719 (1.I.1719) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>[[Count of Woodshire|Dowager Countess of Woodshire]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 16|16]] || [[File:Sirithillaegel.jpeg|75px]] || [[File:Laegel coa.png|75px]] || [[Sirithil of Laegel|Sirithil, Lady Laegel]] || 1698 [[Erudition]] || {{AgeAN|1698}} || 1719 (22.XIV.1719) || [[Verionist List|Verionist]] || <small>Inherited the seat from [[Aliande]]</small>
| [[Senate Seat 16|16]] || [[File:Sirithillaegel.jpeg|75px]] || [[File:Laegel coa.png|75px]] || [[Sirithil, Lady Laegel|Sirithil]] || 1698 [[Erudition]] || {{AgeAN|1698}} || 1719 (22.XIV.1719) || [[Verionist List|Verionist]] || <small>[[Laegel|Lady Laegel]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 17|17]] || [[File:Anastasia.jpg|75px]] || || [[Anastasia]] || 1674 ||{{AgeAN|1674}}|| 1720 (2.I.1720) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>Inherited the seat from [[Milo Enujohanenion]]</small>
| [[Senate Seat 17|17]] || [[File:Anastasia_01.png|75px]] || [[File:Anastasia coa.svg|75px]] || [[Anastasia]] || 1674 ||{{AgeAN|1674}}|| 1720 (2.I.1720) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>'''Countess of [[Samhold]] and [[Karnamark]]</small>'''<br><small>[[Kaiser of Etzeland|Kaiseress of Etzeland]]</small> ||
|-
|-
| [[Senate Seat 18|18]] || [[File:Utas.png|75px]] || [[File:Utas coa.png|75px]] || [[Utas Enrique Naian|Utas Ayreon-Kalirion]] || 1683 || {{AgeAN|1683}})|| 1720 (2.I.1720) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>Inherited the seat from [[Yahyanah Jahanbani]]</small>  
| [[Senate Seat 18|18]] || [[File:Utas.png|75px]] || [[File:Utas coa 1721.png|75px]] || [[Utas Enrique Naian|Utas Ayreon-Kalirion]] || 1683 || {{AgeAN|1683}})|| 1720 (2.I.1720) || [[United Ayreonist–Traditionalist List|United]] || <small>[[Prince of Shireroth]]</small><br><small>Duke of Hoffenheim</small> ||
|-
| [[Senate Seat 19|19]] || [[File:Furkorn Mat Jeen presidential candidate potrait.jpg|75px]] ||  || [[Muhammad Furkorn Mat Jeen]] || 1672 || || 1728 (13.I.1728)  || [[Phineonesian faction|Phineonesian]] || <small>'''[[President of Phinbella]]</small> ||
|-
| [[Senate Seat 20|20]] ||  || [[File:Coat of arms of Forajasaki.png|75px]] || [[Ahmad Abdullah Inzun Shah]] || ? || || 1728 (13.I.1728)  || [[Phineonesian faction|Phineonesian]] || <small>'''[[Kuala Forajasaki|Sultan of Kuala Forajasaki]]'''</small><br><small>'''[[President of Forajasaki|Ruler of Forajasaki]]</small> ||
|}
|}
== History ==


{{Template:Senate nav}}
{{Template:Senate nav}}

Revision as of 12:56, 1 March 2024

The Senate of the Lakes, also known as the Senate of Hurmu and the Senate, is the legislature and sovereign of the Order of the Holy Lakes, and, by extension, Hurmu. The Senate is also the constitutional court of Hurmu, and it decides on rules governing the Order of the Holy Lakes.

The Senate consists of 18 senators. Senators hold permanent seats. Senators may gift or will away their seat. The Senate may also destroy seats or create new ones to be filled by internal election (i.e., the Senate elects a person to fill the seat) or external election (i.e., the adult members of the Order of the Holy Lakes elect someone to fill the seat).

The Palace of the Elenaran, where the Senate of the Lakes meets.

The Senate was originally created by Prince Andelarion as the Electorate of Hurmu in 1514 AN. Quickly renamed to the Senate of the Lakes, it was in session from 1522 AN to 1536 AN (I), from 1542 AN to 1558 AN (II), and from 1570 AN to 1574 AN (III). Thereafter, it was in session from 1574 AN until 1599 AN (IV) as the merged Senate of Elwynn and Hurmu, and from 1599 AN as the Senate of an independent Hurmu once more, until 1603 AN (V), when it was effectively destroyed during the Hurmu genocide. After Hurmu's reunification in 1690 AN, the Senate has been in seven sessions: 1690 AN1695 AN (VI), 1695 AN1701 AN (VII), 1701 AN1707 AN (VIII), 1708 AN1712 AN (IX), 1713 AN1718 AN (X), and from 1719 AN and onwards (XI).

The First Senate began with 12 senators. The largest Senate occurred in 1598 AN with 25 senators (Fourth Senate), and the smallest Senate was also in the Fourth Senate, in its early years 1674 AN1681 AN with only four Senators.

Since the Senate's reestablishment in 1690 AN, the Senate first had 9 members until 1701 AN when it was doubled. Ever since, the Senate has had 18 members. On 1.I.1728, the Senate will be expanded with two new members, giving the Senate 20 members. It is expected that the Senate that meets then will be known as the Twelfth Senate (XII).

Names

Language Name
Agnesian ?
?
Alexandrian Sénat des Lacs
Amalandic Søernes Ældsteråd
Arboric مجلس شيوخ البحيرات
Majlis Shuyukh al-Buhayrat
Army Crandish Sjöarnas äldsteråd
Babkhi شورای بزرگان دریاچه ها
Shura-ye Pirâni-ye Kûlhâ
Blue Lontinian Kölder aqsaqaldarı keñesi
Craitish Senät ó oesst Lynś
Crandish Altonratt ties Zeivers
Elw Dasyh esomaluuqadyrizydar
Hurmu Norse Aldraraaðeð sjooa
Hurmumol Be-Gep b'-u-Yakwer-ka b'-u-Kwaj-ka
Jing 湖元老院
Sangunese reading Mizūmi genrōin
Tieyan reading Hú yuánlǎoyuàn
Karnali तालहरूको परिषद
Tālaharūkō pariṣada
Krasnocorian Савет стaрешина Језера
Savet starešina Jezera
Lakkvian Järvede vanematekogu
Martino Senado de los Lagos
White Lontinian Nuuruudyn Akhmadyn zövlöl

Current Senate

Main article: Twelfth Senate
Seat No Portrait Coat of Arms Name Birth Age Took seat Faction Title/Position Comment
1 MarcusAvonElMyksos.png Sara eskenderion coa.png Marcus Avon-El Myksos 1702 (Kezan) 29 AN years) 1722 (15.VI.1722) Commander
Prince among the Lakes
Regent of the Lakes
Dutch of Vigeland
2 1715 Enkhjargal al-Osman.jpeg Lontinien coa.png  Ghawetkiin Enkhjargal 1672 Ghawlama 59 AN years) 1695 (1.X.1695) Humanist Khanun of Lontinien
Mother of the House
3 Woodrow arms.png Sooraj Wasli 1691 40 AN years 1726 (6.XV.1726) Conservative
4 JayaPrabhu.jpg Woodrow arms.png Jaya Prabhu 1676 55 AN years 1702 (1.I.1702) Conservative
5 SaurabhFarrah.jpg Woodrow arms.png Saurabh Farrah 1680 51 AN years 1702 (1.I.1702) Conservative
6 Mondoseal.svg Mondo Hurmu coa.svg Mondo Etzeterra Unknown Unknown 1708 (1.I.1708) United Earl of Samhold and Karnamark
Kaiser of Etzeland
7 Royaalosman.jpeg Khan of vijayanagara.png Roya al-Osman 1686 45 AN years 1720 (24.II.1720) Humanist Crown Princess of the Suren Senator also 1713–1718
8 Khoga Checheyigen.jpeg Khoga Checheyigen 1669 62 AN years 1713 (1.I.1713) Humanist
9 Viricmerricface.png House of Merrick CoA.png Viric Merrick 1679 52 AN years 1729 (12.VIII.1729) Humanist
10 1729 Kamran al-Osman.png Kamran al-Osman 1701 30 AN years) 1729 (12.VIII.1729) Humanist
11 Samiracapricimaleki.png Samira Avon-El Myksos 1705 26 AN years 1729 (11.II.1729)
12 Ichiro.jpeg Varmland coa.png Ichirō of Varmland 1693 38 AN years 1713 (1.I.1713) United Prince of Shireroth
Viscount Audon of Varmland
13 Rosamund.png Rosamund coa.png Rosamund al-Osman Primo de Aguilar 1673 58 AN years 1719 (1.I.1719) Humanist Chancellor
Commissioner of Amaland
Princess of Constancia
Duchess of Mar Sara
14 Sackhcham Kapudia.png Woodrow arms.png Sackhcham Kapudia 1681 50 AN years 1719 (1.I.1719) Conservative
15 Catherine wythe.png Catherine wythe coa (2).png Catherine Wythe 1689 42 AN years) 1719 (1.I.1719) United Dowager Countess of Woodshire
16 Sirithillaegel.jpeg Laegel coa.png Sirithil 1698 Erudition 33 AN years 1719 (22.XIV.1719) Verionist Lady Laegel
17 Anastasia 01.png Anastasia coa.svg Anastasia 1674 57 AN years 1720 (2.I.1720) United Countess of Samhold and Karnamark
Kaiseress of Etzeland
18 Utas.png Utas coa 1721.png Utas Ayreon-Kalirion 1683 48 AN years) 1720 (2.I.1720) United Prince of Shireroth
Duke of Hoffenheim
19 Furkorn Mat Jeen presidential candidate potrait.jpg Muhammad Furkorn Mat Jeen 1672 1728 (13.I.1728) Phineonesian President of Phinbella
20 Coat of arms of Forajasaki.png Ahmad Abdullah Inzun Shah ? 1728 (13.I.1728) Phineonesian Sultan of Kuala Forajasaki
Ruler of Forajasaki