1695 Parlerment elections

The second Parlerment elections was held the ninth month of 1695. It was originally scheduled for mid-1696, but the Senate, using an overlooked clause in the Constitution, voted to dissolve its legislative session (but remaining as collective head of state, Supreme Court and caretaker legislature until replaced by an elected Senate). This had the effect that the Assembly of Representatives, to massive protests among the Lake District parties there, too was dissolved.

In the end, no dramatic changes occurred. Daniyal al-Osman, reelected to the Senate, negotiated a coalition majority government with the Edasi Hurmu and Moderate Parties in the Assembly, including a Humanist–Traditionalist coalition in the Senate securing majority. Daniyal al-Osman will announce his second cabinet shortly.

Background

The political crisis began on 24.VII.1694 when the international 1694 Humanist Convention's leadership election was resolved by Senator Daniyal al-Osman, Prime Minister of Hurmu, leader of the Coalition for Democratic Humanism, killing the the Surenshah in a duel, thereby securing the election of Fridwald Peter from Ransenar as head of the international Nationalist and Humanist Party. Lakkvians and Hurmudans were appalled, and Daniyal al-Osman's cabinet saw the mass resignation of its Lake District coalition partners (Koos, Moderates). However, the Lontinian People's Party remained in the coalition. The display of honour of the Prime Minister was extremely well received in Lontinien, and demonstrations broke out the cities of Ghawlama and Khojinacinggha in support of the Prime Minister.

In the Senate, the Humanists were a minority, holding only 3 of 9 seats. The Ayreonists in the Senate called for the resignation of the Prime Minister, and, using the filibuster clauses in the Senate rules, hijacked the Senate agenda by blocking all other items on the agenda. The Traditionalists, while sympathetic and agreeing with the Ayreonist cause in this matter, disagreed with the method. The act of the Ayreonists, the Traditionalists held, was dishonouring the sanctity and unity of the Senate. The Traditionalists invoked clause 78 in the Constitution, whereby the Senate can unilaterally dissolve its legislative session by a vote of more than a two thirds' majority (i.e. 7 votes out of 9), triggering the dissolution of the Assembly of Representatives as well. However, the Senate could not agree, by simple majority, after this act when the new election should be held. It was then found that in clause 148 of the Constitution, that "when the Assembly has been dissolved, new elections must be held within a year". As such, the Traditionalists and Humanists passed an extraordinary election law which placed the new elections within the last month of the year following dissolution, that is at the very end of what the legal window for elections.

Procedure

Nine seats in the Senate, elected by the members of the Order of the Holy Lakes, and 99 seats in the Assembly, elected by persons with legal and permanent residence in Hurmu are up for election. All electors must be at least 18 years of age on the last day of the election. Thus not only citizens of Hurmu are allowed to vote, but legally resident foreigners too. Citizenship is a prerequisite, however, for being a candidate.

Residents in the Lake District will elect 56 members of the Assembly, while residents in Lontinien will elect 42 members. Residents of East Barrow Island will be represented by 1 member. Legal residency is not recognised in the Southern District, and as such, that district will remain outside the remit of the election. Hurmu citizens resident in Seivannavik may vote through their constituency of origin.

Senate election

There are 187 members of the Order of the Holy Lakes who, in 1695, are expected to be eligible to vote in the Senate election in 1696. Only members aged 18 or over (including 17 year olds who will turn 18 during the election year) are allowed to vote.

The electors will elect the 9 members of the Senate on lists who will be apportioned seats based on proportional representation.

Lists

Ayreonist list

The Ayreonist List is the list for members of the Order of the Holy Lakes with an Ayreonist persuasion. It generally supports:

• LGBTQIA+ rights
• Freer immigration policies
• Free market
• Equality between the different nations of Hurmu (Hurmudan, Lakkvian, Crandish, Lontinian, etc.)
• The Senate to be elected by the people of Hurmu, not by the Order of the Holy Lakes
• Strong relations with democratically sentient-rights-respecting countries around the world
  • Favours strong relations especially with the neighbouring countries, and with Natopia.
  • Deeply concerned with events in Elwynn

Candidates

1. Catarina de Todos los Santos u-Kart
2. Anskar Kairason Isamma
3. Eliza Aabooð
4. Samil u-Layn
5. Smilla Eenpalu
6. Johannes Uusman
7. Else Kårestad
8. Pader Avon-El
9. Liina Mikelitütar

Conservative list

Having much in common with the Traditionalist list, the Conservative lists puts more attention on foreign affairs and infrastructure.

• Restoration of the Republic
• Neutrality between the Raspur Pact and USSO alliances
• Protection of arms rights
• Balanced budget, low taxes and free trade
• Establishment of a Constitutional Court consisting of the three oldest living members of the Order of the Holy Lakes
• Introduction of study visas for foreign students in Hurmu universities
• Building of infrastructural links with neighbouring countries, including the Apollonian Express

Candidates

1. Karel des Vinandy
2. Elisabeth des Vinandy

Humanist list

Advocates for the Human Supremacy over Micras. Is pro-Raspur Pact, supports conservative immigration laws, is centre-right both socially and economically, and remains enduringly Anti-Vanic in its outlook. Policies include:

• Expansion of the the Hurmu Constabulary in line with increased territorial responsibilities;
• Further expansion of the fleet of revenue cutters for the purpose of patrolling territorial waters;
• Continuation of the Air Policing Mission provided for by the bilateral treaties with Nouvelle Alexandrie;
• Recruitment amongst the bands of the Eastern Ulus for the Hurmu Constabulary and the Hurmu Peace Corps;
• An exports orientated mercantile trade policy, with increased transportation infrastructure nodal connections with Lac Glacei, the Dark Berry Islands, Nouvelle Alexandrie, the Hexarchy, and Jaaland;
• A foreign policy based on engagement with the Raspur Pact and USSO on points of interest within the Xaiville Convention obligations of non-aligned neutrality and which encourages neighbours such as the Dark Berry Islands and Lac Glacei to join the convention also;
• Measures to resettle the orphans of the Southern District amongst the Eastern Ulus of the Silver Yak Horde, to provide for them a vocational education, as well as a new identity and family life through service to the Khans;
• The construction and installation of 4x thermal power stations in Lontinien and the apportionment and exploitation of known coal seams in the country so as to benefit the Lontinian nation and the central government through a 60/40 split of revenues.

Candidates

1. Daniyal al-Osman
2. Ghawetkiin Enkhjargal
3. Ardashir Babakan-e Osman
4. Jamshid-e Osman
5. Chaghagan Khoga
6. Alissa Guadalim
7. Khoga Orduoronartai
8. Azen u-Germask
9. Royston Merrick IV

Nativists' list

The Nativist List is a radical nationalist list, supported by some members of the Order who are resident in Hurmu. It is a break-away group from the Traditionalist List, so it aligns its policies generally with the Traditionalist list, with the following exceptions:

• Eligibility to vote in Senate elections should be restricted to members of the Order who are permanently resident in Hurmu
• No further expansion of Hurmu
• Hurmu to leave East Barrow Island and Lontinien ("Hurmu for Hurmudans")
• Lakkvian and Hurmu to be co-equal languages in Hurmu
• Raspur Pact forces to leave Hurmu immediately
• End to the free-movement regime with the Xäiville Convention

Candidates

1. Eleonoora Luuk
2. Johannes Knuutsgaarð
3. Kristofer u-Malik
4. Lennart Aabooð-Kallas
5. Gunnar Aabooð-Kallas
6. Miinu Aabooð

Traditionalist list

The Traditionalist List is supported by a moderate-to-conservative collection of members of the Order. Its main policies are:

• Fiscally sensible government
• Senate and Order to act as checks and balances for the democratically elected government; they will act as the safeguard of democracy and sentients' rights in Hurmu
• More power to the Senate and Order
• Restricted immigration policies
• Pro-LGBTQIA+ rights
• Foreign affairs:
  • "Alliance-free": Hurmu to remain neutral between the big power blocks
  • More integration within and expansion of the Xäiville Convention
  • Good relations with all countries in the world, especially the neighbouring ones
• Defence:
  • Wants a plan for when Raspur troops to leave the country permanently
  • Wants more funding for defence
• Believes it is in the interest of Hurmu to annex more land

Candidates

1. Jan Spiik
2. Li Naomiai Avon-El
3. Patrik Djupvik
4. Smilla u-Gelp
5. Boris Alekseievich Karerin
6. Dooris Aamisepp
7. Janek Tryggve

Results

In the Senate election, all electors had cast their votes, signifying yet again a 100% turnout. The number of electors had increased by 71 people. Of all ballots, 2 (down from 4 in the last election) were blank ballots.

	Number	Percentage	Change from 1690 (n)	Change from 1690 (%pts)	1690 votes	1690 percentage
Electors	187		71		116
Turnout	187	100%	71	±0%	116	100%
Votes for Lists	185	98.93%	73	2.38%	112	96.55%
Blank Ballots	2	1.07%	-2	-2.38%	4	3.45%

List votes

The Traditionalists, previously the largest camp in the Senate, lost one seat, while the Ayreonists and Humanists retained their seats (no losses, no gains). The Traditionalists saw the largest drop in their voter share, by 10 percentage points compared to the last election.

In this election, two new lists contested the election – the Nativist and the Conservative lists respectively. The Conservatives barely managed to enter the Senate with one elected senator due to the quirks of the apportionment formula. Had the other votes been arranged differently, it is very much possible that the Conservatives would have lost out on a seat by several votes. Had the Senate used the d'Hondt formula instead, the apportionment would be 4 for the Humanists, 3 for the Traditionalists, and 2 for the Ayreonists, with the smaller parties receiving nothing. Ayreonists and Humanists made a modest gain in voter shares, with the Ayreonists outperforming the Humanists.

	Votes	Percentage	Seats	Diff vote	Diff %pts	Siff seat	Elected
Humanist List	66	35.68%	3	+27	+0.86%	±0	Daniyal al-Osman (re-elected) Ghawetkiin Enkhjargal (new) Ardashir Bābakān-e Osman (re-elected)
Traditionalist List	57	30.81%	3	+11	-10.26%	-1	Jan Spiik (re-elected) Li Naomiai Avon-El (re-elected) Patrik Djupvik (re-elected)
Ayreonist List	45	24.32%	2	+22	+3.78%	±0	Catarina u-Kart (relected) Anskar Isamma (new)
Conservative List	9	4.86%	1	new	new	new	Karel des Vinandy (new)
Nativist List	8	4.32%	0	new	new	new	none
Total votes	185

Assembly of Representatives election

Parties

Lake District and East Barrow Island

• Coalition for Democratic Humanism, presently 23 seats. A humanist party with links to national humanism, but with a Hurmu characteristics, and with internationalism as a defining value.
• Edasi Hurmu, ("Forward Hurmu") a centre-right Hurmu party from the former Lakkvia, popular among ethnic Hurmudans. Informally affiliated with the Traditionalist List in the Senate.
• Moderate Party, an agrarian, socially liberal party from the former Lakkvia, popular among ethnic Lakkvians, urban as well as rural. Does not wish to make any major constitutional changes until Hurmu is stable enough.
• Koos ("Together"): a centrist cross-community party from Lakkvia. Lately having more of a social-democratic view. Support urban areas.
• Heartlanders' Interest League: a party for reformed Storish people resident in Hurmu.
• Liberals: a radical liberal and Ayreonist party that wishes to overhaul the entire Hurmu constitutional structure, privatise the Order of the Holy Lakes, abolish the Senate, and ensure more socially liberal, borderline socialist, policies across Hurmu. Mainly urban support.
• Hurmu for Hurmudans, a new Hurmu ethnic nationalist party that wishes for Hurmu to let go of Lontinien and other overseas territories.
• Crandish People's Party: a liberal Crandish interests party.

Lontinien

• Coalition for Democratic Humanism, which in Lontinien consists of:
  • Lontinian People's Party, Lontinian Conservative party active in the Ghawlama area. Headed by Khaghan Temüjin.
  • National Community, a Conservative party affiliated with the White Band of the Eastern Ulus of the Silver Yak Horde
  • Crandish People's Party: a liberal Crandish interests party
• Blue Skies, a Conservative party affiliated with the Blue Band of the Eastern Ulus of the Silver Yak Horde
• Heartlanders' Interest League: a party for reformed Storish people resident in Lontinien.
• Social Democratic Party of Lontinien: a democratically socialist party in Lontinien that wishes to do away with the feudal structures of the Ulus and khans.
• Society of Yeshua: a Krasnocorian interests organisation..

Results

List	Party	Abbr.	Votes	Percenyage	Seats
Coalition for Democratic Humanism	Party for Democratic Humanism	CDH	817,695	15.28%	17
	National Community	NC	551,296	10.30%	12
	Lontinian People's Party	LPP	214,440	4.01%	4
	Total	CDH	1,583,431	29.58%	33
Edasi Hurmu		EDASI	765,744	14.30%	13
Koos		KOOS	759,323	14.18%	13
Moderate Party		MOD	666,855	12.46%	11
Blue Skies		BS	464,127	8.67%	10
Liberals		LIB	315,287	5.89%	5
Hurmu for Hurmudans		HH	148,333	2.79%	2
Heartlanders' Interest League		HIL	136,681	2.55%	2
Social Democratic Party of Lontinien		SDPL	192,489	3.60%	4
Crandish People's Party		CPP	152,857	2.86%	3
Society of Yeshua		SY	167,162	3.12%	3
Barrow Alliance	Edasi Hurmu	EH	432	0.00%	0
	Koos	KOOS
	Moderate Party	MOD
	Total	BA
Total			6,936,152		99

Lake District

Party	Abbr	Votes	Percentage	Seats	+- (% pts)	+- (seats)
Edasi Hurmu	EDASI	765,744	23.85%	13	-3.34%	-6
Koos	KOOS	759,323	23.65%	13	6.95%	+2
Moderate Party	MOD	666,855	20.77%	11	0.44%	-2
Coalition for Democratic Humanism	CDH	399,407	12.44%	7	-13.53%	-10
Liberals	LIB	315,287	9.82%	5	4.96%	+2
Heartlanders' Interest League	HIL	114,942	3.58%	2	-1.34%	-1
Hurmu for Hurmudans	HH	148,333	4.62%	2	4.62%	+2
Crandish People's Party	CPP	71,598	2.23%	1	2.23%	+1
Total		3,241,488		54		-12

Lontinien

Lontinien elected 44 representatives.

Party	List	Abbr.	Votes	Percentage	Seats
Coalition for Democratic Humanism	National Community	NC	551,296	26.12%	12
	Lontinian People's Party	LPP	214,440	10.16%	4
	Main List	CDH	417,060	19.76%	9
	Total	CDH	1,182,796	56.04%	25
Blue Skies		BS	464,127	21.99%	10
Social Democratic Party of Lontinien		SDPL	192,489	9.12%	4
Society of Yeshua		SY	167,162	7.92%	3
Crandish People's Party		CPP	81,259	3.85%	2
Heartlanders' Interest League		HIL	21,739	1.03%	0
Total			2,109,573		44

East Barrow Island

East Barrow Island, participating in Hurmu elections for the first time, elected 1 representative. There were two candidates, one for the Coalition for Democratic Humanism, and one for the Barrow Alliance. The Barrow Alliance is a coalition consisting of Edasi Hurmu, Koos, and the Moderate Party.

Party	Abbr	Votes	Percentage	Seats
Coalition for Democratic Humanism	CDH	1 228	73.98%	1
Barrow Alliance	BA	432	26.02%	0