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Manschūhōrian Phineaner: Difference between revisions

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== Distribution ==
== Distribution ==
Manschūhōrian Phineaner is widely spoken throughout Manschūhōria as well as in the [[Western Manschūhōria]] region of [[Sikin]], several villages or towns in [[Tsunadenai district]]. Is is also spoken in the coastal area of [[Tabui Tamiang]] in [[Tabui]] especially in [[Tamiang district]] itself because it is close to and borders Manschūhōria.
The speakers of this dialect in Tsunadenai mostly speak the Tanah Menjursu subdialect compared to the Piundang and Tampin subdialects, while the speakers in Western Manschūhōria and Tabui Tamiang mostly speak the Piundang subdialect compared to the other two subdialects, because most Phineaner people in Tsunadenai and Tabui Tamiang are descendants of Manschūhōria immigrants and refugees from Kagayan, while in Western Manschūhōria most of the speakers are the original inhabitants of the region either of Phineaner descent or also of [[Xhusorians|Hondonese]] descent who migrated to the area.
However, there are other dialects spoken in this territory especially in the border areas such as [[Taemhwanian Phineaner]] and [[Drusselsteinian Phineaner]]. However, Tsunadenai is an area that belongs to the Sangunese-speaking area known as [[Taemhwanian Iurokei]], however this Taemhwanian dialect is spoken by the [[Phineaner Taemhwanians|Taemhwanian Phineaner]] community. Meanwhile the Drusselsteinian dialect is spoken by the [[Drusselsteinians|Drusselsteinian]] community living in this territory. [[Scattered Frontier Phineaner]] which is a creole based on a mixture of Taemhwanian and [[Oranje Phineaner|Oranje]] dialects was spoken by a number of [[Scattered Islands Frontier Creole|Scattered Islands Creole]] communities who migrated to this territory, especially in the suburbs of the city of [[Hsinhōdokián]] and some villages in the colony of [[Kagayan de Manshūhōkoku]], and they settled in that area for many years. Although there are many distinct Phineaner dialects found in Manschūhōria, all Phineaner dialectologists basically agree that Manschūhōrian Phineaner was traditionally spoken by the native [[Manschūhōrian Phineaners]] as well as the [[Manschūhōrian Hāfu]] and [[Gogobugians]], where Gogobugians and Phineaners have traditionally lived in the river valley of [[Heiliayantjiong River|Heiliayantjiong]], [[Kuril River|Kuril]] and [[Nenggior River|Nenggior]], it is also included in [[Ulu Kuril Collectivity|Ulu Kuril]] and the main upstream area in particular. [[Kuala Tasar]] is a town that houses the official residence of the Rajah of Manschūhōria also located in the Heiliayantjiong river valley, there are also royal residences built in the river basin area, and no one tries to move from the three main river basins of Manschūhōria.


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==

Latest revision as of 11:51, 11 March 2024

{{{1}}} This article or section is a work in progress. The information below may be incomplete, outdated, or subject to change.
This article is about the Phineaner dialect spoken in Manschūhōria. For the Phineaner subgroup in the territory, see Manschūhōrian Phineaners.
Manschūhōrian Phineaner
Bahasa Phineaner Manshyūhōria
بهاس ملايو منشوهوريا
満州報国のマライ語
Base Manshyūhōkoku
Kéchép Manshyūhōkoku
バサ・満州報国
ケチェップ・満州報国
Pronunciation [basə mant͡ɕ(ɕ)ʲɯːhoːkokɯ] or [kɛ̃t͡ɕɛ̃p̚ mant͡ɕ(ɕ)ʲɯːhoːkokɯ]
Spoken natively in Phinbella Phinbella
Region Manschūhōria Manschūhōria
Ethnicity Manschūhōrian Phineaners
Number of speakers ~2,360,000 (L1)
~508,000 (L2)
Language family

Dromonesian

Writing system Latin script (Phineaner alphabet)
Arabic script (Jawi)
Kana script (Manschūhōrian kana)
Source Phineaner (with Taemhwanian-Barbarite Phineaner influences), Common Tongue, Bajau Samah, Arboric, Manchu, Jingdaoese and Sangunese
Dialects
  • Piundang Colonies
  • Tanah Menjursu Colonies
  • Tampin Customary Region
Official status
Official language in Manschūhōria Manschūhōria
Recognised minority
language in
Regulated by Phinbellan Languages Studies Association

Manschūhōrian Phineaner (Sangunese: 満州報国のマライ語?, Phineaner: Bahasa Phineaner Manshyūhōria; Jawi: بهاس ملايو منشوهوريا), also known as Base Manshyūhōkoku (バサ・満州報国?, IPA: [basə mant͡ɕ(ɕ)ʲɯːhoːkokɯ]) or Kéchép Manshyūhōkoku (ケチェップ・満州報国?, IPA: [kɛ̃t͡ɕɛ̃p̚ mant͡ɕ(ɕ)ʲɯːhoːkokɯ]) is a dialect of Phineaner originating from the territory of Manschūhōria, Phinbella and it is spoken as the common language of almost all the multiracial Manschūhōrians and also as the most important mother tongue of Manschūhōrian Phineaners and Manschūhōrian Hāfus, it is spoken together with the pidgin of Manschūhōrian Kyowa-go, the regional language and its other main Phineaner dialect. Although it is neither an official language nor a standard dialect throughout the territory of Manschūhōria, its coexistence with other major dialects in Manschūhōria such as Taemhwanian Phineaner, Drusselsteinian Phineaner and a creole of the Scattered Islands Frontier, as well as its regional languages and Kyowa-go still play an important role in maintaining Manschūhōrian identity. Not only in Manschūhōria, it is also spoken in small part of the Tsunadenai District of Oriental Hispanioéire Taemhwan and several areas in Forajasaki including the coastal area of Tabui Tamiang in the state of Tabui and also some areas in Western Manschūhōria in the state of Sikin. Although there are three main Phineaner dialects traditionally spoken in Manschūhōria, excluding the Scattered Frontier creole, Kyowa-go and the Tabuese language, only one of them is referred to by the name "Manschūhōrian Phineaner". Manschūhōrian Phineaner still has a close linguistic relationship with neighboring Taemhwanian-Barbarite and Shintarian, Turkuhōrian, Gangwol and Oranje, but it is very different from Taemhwanian Phineaner and other Phineaner dialects, although Manschūhōrian and Taemhwanian dialects have similarities, but this dialect has subtle phonetics, syntax and lexical differences from the other main Phineaner dialects and make it incomprehensible to speakers from outside Manschūhōria especially those who speak the standard Phineaner language which is the Phinbellan language and also speakers of Taemhwanian or Barbarite. Manschūhōrian Phineaner can be divided into three subdialects, namely the Piundang Principality Colonies subdialect, the Tanah Menjursu Colonies subdialect and the Tampin Customary Region subdialect, named after the group of collectivities (colonies) where it is spoken more.

Manschūhōrian Phineaner is often considered one of the most recognizable territorial identities. This can be seen in many local radio and television dramas, films, songs, theater performances, poems and religious pulpits that emphasize the use of Manschūhōrian Phineaner. Public radio and television stations such as KBS 1TV, 1Radio and FM Stereo Manschūhōria or commercial broadcasters in this territory mostly use Manschūhōrian Phineaner in their broadcasts along with the standard Phineaner language as well as Taemhwanian Phineaner, Kyowa-go, Bajau Samah, Sangunese, Jingdaoese and Gogobugian. Since the territory was officially formed, certain parties as well as public relations and non-governmental organizations have tried to promote Manschūhōrian Phineaner and the spoken languages in this territory.

Names

Writing system

Manschūhōrian Phineaner now uses three writing systems at once, namely the Latin script, the Jawi script (Arboric writing system) and the Kana script (Sangunese writing system). Today, Manschūhōrian Phineaner is generally spoken rather than written, sometimes being written in all three writing systems in an informal setting. When writing was required, the old form of the standard Phineaner language (sometimes Phinbellan or Forajasakian) was used instead of the local dialect. Manschūhōrian Kana is a Sangunese writing system for that dialect and also for Kyowa-go in this territory, and it is used as a phonetic translation system for Manschūhōrian Phineaner, the writing is mixed together with Kanji for a sentence that has Sangunese or Jingdaoese loanwords, however it is used informally.

Variations

Classification

Distribution

Manschūhōrian Phineaner is widely spoken throughout Manschūhōria as well as in the Western Manschūhōria region of Sikin, several villages or towns in Tsunadenai district. Is is also spoken in the coastal area of Tabui Tamiang in Tabui especially in Tamiang district itself because it is close to and borders Manschūhōria.

The speakers of this dialect in Tsunadenai mostly speak the Tanah Menjursu subdialect compared to the Piundang and Tampin subdialects, while the speakers in Western Manschūhōria and Tabui Tamiang mostly speak the Piundang subdialect compared to the other two subdialects, because most Phineaner people in Tsunadenai and Tabui Tamiang are descendants of Manschūhōria immigrants and refugees from Kagayan, while in Western Manschūhōria most of the speakers are the original inhabitants of the region either of Phineaner descent or also of Hondonese descent who migrated to the area.

However, there are other dialects spoken in this territory especially in the border areas such as Taemhwanian Phineaner and Drusselsteinian Phineaner. However, Tsunadenai is an area that belongs to the Sangunese-speaking area known as Taemhwanian Iurokei, however this Taemhwanian dialect is spoken by the Taemhwanian Phineaner community. Meanwhile the Drusselsteinian dialect is spoken by the Drusselsteinian community living in this territory. Scattered Frontier Phineaner which is a creole based on a mixture of Taemhwanian and Oranje dialects was spoken by a number of Scattered Islands Creole communities who migrated to this territory, especially in the suburbs of the city of Hsinhōdokián and some villages in the colony of Kagayan de Manshūhōkoku, and they settled in that area for many years. Although there are many distinct Phineaner dialects found in Manschūhōria, all Phineaner dialectologists basically agree that Manschūhōrian Phineaner was traditionally spoken by the native Manschūhōrian Phineaners as well as the Manschūhōrian Hāfu and Gogobugians, where Gogobugians and Phineaners have traditionally lived in the river valley of Heiliayantjiong, Kuril and Nenggior, it is also included in Ulu Kuril and the main upstream area in particular. Kuala Tasar is a town that houses the official residence of the Rajah of Manschūhōria also located in the Heiliayantjiong river valley, there are also royal residences built in the river basin area, and no one tries to move from the three main river basins of Manschūhōria.

Phonology

Consonants

Vowels

Comparison with Standard Phineaner

Vowels

Consonants

Loanwords

Vocabulary

Personal pronouns

Intensifiers

Animals

Fruits and plants

Word formation

Colloquial and contemporary usage

See also