14th Cortes Federales

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14th Cortes Federales of Nouvelle Alexandrie
Term	12.I.1760 AN –
Election	14th general election (1759 AN)
Total members	801 deputies + variable peerage
President of the Government	Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves ( DSP ( AJNA))
Speaker of the Federal Assembly	Orocobix Magüana ( WPP, Boriquén)
Lord President of the Chamber of Peers	Lord Anglés, Marquess of Alpamayo (Independent, Non-Aligned)
Leader of the Opposition	José Manuel Montero ( FHP)
Composition
Federal Assembly
[[File:|280px]] Chamber of Peers

The 14th Cortes Federales is the current session of the Cortes Federales of Nouvelle Alexandrie, the bicameral legislature of the Federation of Nouvelle Alexandrie. It was returned by the general election of 1759, the first held to the Federal Assembly of 801 seats, enlarged following the accession of the Region of Oportia, and opened on 12.I.1760 AN.

No party won an overall majority. The Federal Humanist Party of Premier José Manuel Montero finished first with 293 of the 801 seats, 108 short of the 401 required for a majority, returning a hung Assembly. After King Sinchi Roca II invited Montero to form a government and he proved unable to assemble a majority, the King commissioned Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves, leader of the Alliance for a Just Nouvelle Alexandrie, as formateur. The Alliance, the Civic Governance Alliance and the Federal Consensus Party, holding 448 seats between them, formed the Federal Accord and took office under Premier Gonçalves, the first government since 1739 AN not led by the Federal Humanists.

Election and formation

Federal Assembly

The Federal Assembly was enlarged from 749 to 801 seats under the standing population-revision requirement of the Cortes Federales Act, 1694, following the 1758 New Alexandrian census, with no existing Region losing seats. Its 801 members were returned as follows.

Composition

Federal Assembly composition following the 1759 AN general election

Parliamentary Party	Seats	Change from 1754 AN
Federal Humanist Party	293	79 fewer ▼
Democratic Socialist Party	232	36 more ▲
Civic Governance Alliance	95	85 more ▲
Federal Consensus Party	93	26 fewer ▼
Independents	50	21 more ▲
Wakara People's Party	28	5 more ▲
Republican Party of Oportia	10	new
Total	801

An overall majority requires 401 seats. The Democratic Socialists and the Wakara People's Party contested the election within the Alliance for a Just Nouvelle Alexandrie, which won 260 seats combined. The Republican Party of Oportia, a regional party contesting only in Oportia, entered the Federal Assembly for the first time at the Region's first federal general election, winning 10 seats under Sofia Laurent.

Chamber of Peers

The Chamber of Peers, the upper house, is not renewed at a general election; its membership carries over from the 13th Cortes Federales.

Government formation

Because no party emerged from the 1759 election with an overall majority, the composition of the next government fell to be settled through negotiation. As the largest party, the Federal Humanist Party received the first opportunity: on 19.IX.1759 AN King Sinchi Roca II appointed its leader José Manuel Montero formateur, charged with establishing whether he could command the confidence of the 801-seat Federal Assembly.

No single party held close to a majority, leaving the 50 independent deputies pivotal to any combination. The Federal Humanists could approach a majority only with the Civic Governance Alliance or the Federal Consensus Party alongside independent support, while the Alliance for a Just Nouvelle Alexandrie, the Civic Governance Alliance and the Federal Consensus Party together held 448 seats.

On 22.IX.1759 AN the Civic Governance Alliance, which recorded the largest gain of the election, publicly ruled out entering or supporting a government led by the Federal Humanist Party, narrowing the arithmetic available to Montero. Montero was unable to assemble a majority, and the King then commissioned Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves, leader of the Alliance for a Just Nouvelle Alexandrie, as formateur. The Alliance, the Civic Governance Alliance and the Federal Consensus Party, holding 448 seats between them, negotiated the Federal Accord coalition agreement, 1759, which they signed on 23.XIII.1759 AN and which provides for an Alliance-led government to replace the administration of Premier Montero. The Accord government took office with the Opening of the 14th Cortes and the confidence proceedings that followed; see Opening session below.

Opening session

The 14th Cortes Federales opened on 12.I.1760 AN at the Legislative Palace in Cárdenas, seating the largest Federal Assembly in the Federation's history. Lord Protector Sayri Tʼito Waman, Baron of Ausangate, led the procession bearing the Mace of State down the central aisle in the ceremonial dress of the Apu Kalanayak, formally bringing the Cortes into session. In the traditional address that opens a sitting, Waman invoked the Wechua phrase "Huk sunqulla, huk yuyaylla" ("with one heart, with one mind"), a formula the King's Speech would echo in its own opening words. He cautioned the new majority not to mistake the size of its victory for the breadth of its mandate, reminding the House that citizens expect "results and not performance."

The Assembly's first act was to elect a Speaker. Orocobix Magüana, a Wakara People's Party deputy for Boriquén sitting within the Alliance bloc, was elected Speaker by 480 votes to 321 over the Federal Humanist Party nominee Alexander Melas of Valencia, from 801 valid ballots. Magüana became the first Wakara to hold the office, which has existed since 1693 AN; by custom he set aside his party affiliation on taking the chair. Before taking the chair, Magüana told the Assembly that "the opposition will get a fair hearing in this chamber, and so will the government," warning that "on the day either one tries to talk over the other, it will find me standing in the way."

The Opening was a joint sitting of the Federation's constitutional order: the Chamber of Peers, carried over from the 13th Cortes Federales under Lord President Anglés; the nine justices of the High Court of Justice under Chief Justice Élisée Pierrat; and the incoming Council of State. King Sinchi Roca II attended with Empress Clara, and among the regional governors in the galleries was Clementina Duffy Carr, the first Governor of Oportia to see her Region seated in a federal Assembly.

Speech from the Throne

King Sinchi Roca II delivered the Speech from the Throne, the program of the incoming Government, setting five priorities: the prosperity of ordinary households, integrity in public life, investment in science, skills and clean energy, the Federation as a union of many peoples, and security abroad. The King said the Government would ask the Cortes to write the union of many peoples "plainly into the Federation's own foundations," language the Accord ties to the long-pending Plurinational Federation Constitutional Amendment Act, 1735. Framing that priority as a matter of consent, the King told the chambers: "We are not one people who tolerate our differences. We are many peoples who have chosen one another." The full text was published as the Throne Speech of 12.I.1760.

Confidence and investiture

The confidence vote on the Address in Reply was held on 15.I.1760 AN. The Government was sustained by 461 votes to 293, with 47 abstentions: the three Federal Accord parties, holding 448 seats, were joined by thirteen independents in carrying the Address against the Federal Humanist Party, while the ten deputies of the Republican Party of Oportia and the remaining thirty-seven independents abstained. The Assembly then elected Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves President of the Government and approved the Council of State he presented, and the new administration took office. José Manuel Montero, Premier through the 13th Cortes and caretaker since the election, became Leader of the Opposition.

Legislation introduced

Fourteen bills have been introduced in the 14th Cortes Federales: thirteen government bills and one opposition bill. All originate in the Federal Assembly; five of the government bills formed the Federal Accord's first legislative program. Eight of the fourteen have since passed both Houses and received Royal Assent; the remaining six are still before the Assembly.

Legislation introduced in the 14th Cortes Federales

No.	Short title	Sponsor	Type	Introduced	Assembly vote	Chamber of Peers	Status	Assent
FA-1760-02	General Appropriations and Taxation Act, 1760	Tomás Iñiguez ( CGA)	Government	2.II.1760 AN	466 to 297 (38 abs)	61 to 47 (10 abs)	Assented	22.IV.1760 AN
FA-1760-03	National Housing Reform and Expansion Act, 1760	Mayani Guacanagari ( WPP)	Government	5.II.1760 AN	472 to 295 (34 abs)	58 to 52 (8 abs)	Assented	8.V.1760 AN
FA-1760-04	Cost of Living Relief Act, 1760	Ana Yuisa Caguax ( WPP)	Government	12.II.1760 AN	475 to 294 (32 abs)	56 to 54 (8 abs)	Assented	10.V.1760 AN
FA-1760-05	Clean Government and Elections Act, 1760	Tomás Iñiguez ( CGA); Francisco Gabaza ( FCP)	Government	19.II.1760 AN	473 to 298 (30 abs)	55 to 53 (10 abs)	Assented	20.X.1760 AN
FA-1760-06	Convention on Civil Aviation Accession Act, 1760	Gabrielle Fitzgerald ( DSP)	Government	5.II.1760 AN	728 to 22 (51 abs)	86 to 22 (10 abs)	Assented	19.X.1760 AN
FA-1760-07	Federal Assembly Vacancy Act, 1760	Emmanuel Philibert Seydlitz ( FHP)	Opposition	6.II.1760 AN	pending	pending	Introduced	pending
FA-1760-08	Public Order and Liberties Act, 1760	Francisco Gabaza ( FCP); Piti Gándara (Independent)	Government	10.II.1760 AN	pending	pending	Introduced	pending
FA-1760-09	Frontera Science and Research Act, 1760	Marisol Dávila ( FCP); Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves ( DSP)	Government	11.II.1760 AN	474 to 296 (31 abs)	64 to 44 (10 abs)	Assented	6.IX.1760 AN
FA-1760-10	Improper Solicitation and Public Gifts Act, 1760	Elias Marchand ( AJNA); Tomás Iñiguez ( CGA)	Government	12.III.1760 AN	472 to 298 (31 abs)	57 to 51 (10 abs)	Assented	7.IX.1760 AN
FA-1760-11	Public Diplomacy Act, 1760	Gabrielle Fitzgerald ( DSP)	Government	20.VII.1760 AN	pending	pending	Introduced	pending
FA-1760-12	Authentication of Public Documents Act, 1760	Gabrielle Fitzgerald ( DSP); Elias Marchand ( AJNA)	Government	8.VIII.1760 AN	pending	pending	Introduced	pending
FA-1760-13	Fair Work and Employment Standards Act, 1760	Carlos Dominguez ( DSP); Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves ( DSP)	Government	22.VIII.1760 AN	pending	pending	Introduced	pending
FA-1760-14	Avey Port Revenue and Joint Oversight Act, 1760	Gabrielle Fitzgerald ( DSP)	Government	14.XV.1760 AN	pending	pending	Introduced	pending
FA-1760-15	Supplementary Appropriation Act, 1760	Tomás Iñiguez ( CGA)	Government	3.IX.1760 AN	469 to 297 (35 abs)	59 to 49 (10 abs)	Assented	21.IX.1760 AN

Status key

Introduced

In committee

Passed by Assembly

Assented / enacted

Failed / withdrawn

Leadership

The officers of the 14th Cortes and the leaders of its parliamentary parties are recorded below; the tables are extended as the Assembly names its officers and the parties settle their front benches.

Cortes Federales leadership

Federal Assembly

Position	Name	Party
Speaker	Orocobix Magüana	Non-partisan ( WPP origin)
Leader of the Opposition	José Manuel Montero	Federal Humanist Party

Chamber of Peers

Position	Name
Lord President	Lord Anglés, Marquess of Alpamayo

Council of State

The Federal Accord government's Council of State is led by President of the Government Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves, with Elena Svensson of the Civic Governance Alliance as Vice-Premier and Tomás Iñiguez at the Treasury.

See also

• New Alexandrian general election, 1759
• Federal Accord coalition agreement, 1759
• Administration of Premier Marcos Ferreira Gonçalves
• Government formation in Nouvelle Alexandrie
• 13th Cortes Federales
• Cortes Federales of Nouvelle Alexandrie
• Federal Assembly of Nouvelle Alexandrie
• Chamber of Peers of Nouvelle Alexandrie

References

Preceded by: 13th Cortes Federales

14th Cortes Federales 1760 AN-1765 AN

Succeeded by 15th Cortes Federales