Irídaga language
Iridaga was a Conlang language widely spoken in Iridia. Today it is spoken in a few villages south of Lower Ortonia (Arpad) in Normandie. The majority of the language is a mixture of Serbo-Croatian and Welsh.
Today, the Iridaga language is extinct in the former Iridian territories. The remaining Iridian community of 3,500 in Normandie initially spoke Gralan under Gralus rule, and later Storish and Norman-Walsch during the Storish period. After more than 150 years of being dead, the Iridaga language was revived in the mid-1750s through the efforts of Quimper Rognvald University and Kipei Samet University. Re-developed Iridaga was taught in six Iridian village schools and workshops in Lower Ortonia.
By 1761 AN, the number of L1 speakers of Iridaga in Lower Ortonia was around 20-40, and the number of L2 speakers was around 400-450. The fact that Norman and Amalandic languages were taught from generation to generation in the six Iridian villages, while Iridaga was only spoken at home, appears to be the biggest obstacle to the language's revival. The extent of the Iridian population within the borders of Amaland and Karnamark is unknown, making the possibility of language revival there uncertain.
The Norman-Iridian Cultural Association in Quimper frequently publishes newspapers and books in the Iridaga language, and a local radio station in western Lower Ortonia broadcasts in the Iridaga language.
Grammar
present tense indicative of to be:
- Gui bem: I am
- Du erth: you(singular) are
- Hjel, She, hjek, eka eth : He, she, it(neuter), it(abstract) is.
- Vi ben: we are
- Ji ben: you(plural) are.
- Hjeli, shi, hjeki, ekas ben: they(masculine), they (feminine), they(neuter0, they(abstract) are.
Note: singular means talking about one person or thing and plural means talking about more than one person or thing. Therefore, you would use 'du' when talking to one person and 'ji' when talking to more than one person.
Gender
There are four genders in the language: masculine, feminine, neuter and abstract. Each noun has one of these genders. (A noun is a word which can exist, which can do an action and which can have an acton done to it, e.g. a person, the sky and love.) Masculine nouns in this language always relate to male living things and male names, such as 'pader', 'Bvjetrel', 'Vintel', hjermonel', 'hleuror' and 'hjicel'. They normally end in 'el' or 'or'. Feminine nouns are related to female living things and female names, such as 'Shunu', 'Marje', 'Madrhe', 'hjermane', 'hjice' and 'Efa'. Feminine nouns normally ens in 'e', 'u' or 'a'. Neuter nouns either signify nouns without gender, such as 'table' and living things whose gender has not been stated, such as 'person'. Examples include 'hjerman', 'hjic', and 'Efamjhytho'. They normally end in a consonant or an 'o'. Abstract nouns are used to signify abstract concepts and ideas. Examples include 'nompfra', 'dag', 'familja' and'Efa'. they normally end in 'g', 'd' or 'a'. Although 'Efa' is a name, it actually means ;eternity' in the Iridian language.
Verbal suffixes
A suffix is a small word put onto the end of another word. A verb is a word which shows action or being, such as the verb 'to be'. The suffix 'oy' forms a negative. e.g. 'Gui bem' means 'I am' and 'gui bemoy' means 'I am not'. The suffix 'gu' forms a question. e.g. 'Du erth mine madrhe' means 'you are my mother', but 'du erthgu mine madrhe' means 'are you my mother?'. As you can see, the verb's position remains in the second place and does not change.
Cases
Irídiaiga has four cases. A case shows the relationship between nouns. Level one uses the nominative and the oblique cases. The nominative case shows what does the action., e.g. in the sentence 'the man flew a kite', 'the man' is the subject and 'the kite' is the object. You may have notced that some words changed their ending when 'uth' was put in front of them. Uth is the dative preposition and means 'to'. uth needs the objective case when it is used.
Table for singular nouns' endings
| Case | Gender | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Abstract | |
| Endings / Suffixes | ||||
| Nominative | +--- | +---- | +---- | +------ |
| Objective | +en | +o | +---- | +------ |
| Examples | ||||
| Nominative | hjicel | hjermane | efamjhytho | dag |
| Objective | hjicelen | hjermaneo | efamjhytho | dag |
To form plurals of neuter nouns in the nominative case, add 'i'
Adjectives
In comparison to English adjectives are very complex, but we will start with the words for 'a' or 'an', 'my' and 'his', which all take the same endings, except 'a' and 'an' only exist in the singular, whereas 'my' and 'his' exist in the plural.
Singular of 'my' and 'his' exist in the plural.
Singular of 'my', 'his' and 'a' or 'an' in the nominative and oblique cases.
Case Gender
| Gender / Type | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Abstract | |
| Suffixes / Endings | ||||
| Nominative | +---- | +e | +---- | +a |
| Objective / Oblique | +en | +e | +---- | +a |
| Demonstratives (a or a) | ||||
| Nominative | tos | tose | tos | tosa |
| Oblique | tosen | tose | tos | tosa |
| My | ||||
| Nominative | min | mine | min | mina |
| Objective | minen | mine | min | mina |
| His | ||||
| Nominative | sin | sine | sin | sina |
| Objective | sinen | sine | sin | sina |
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
- jomarka: good
- dag: day
- jomarka dag: hello, bye, good day
- nompfra: name
- hjei: jes
- madrhe; mother
- tos: a, an
- pader: father
- imeth: there is
- imen; there are (these verbs are used like the English word 'have or has' when talking about who is in your family)
- hjermane: sister
- hjice: daughter
- hjermanel: brother
- hjerman; sibling
- jol: one
- cach: two
- familja: family
- Efamjhytho: parent
- bvjetrel: Peter
- nei; no
