Gerenian alphabet: Difference between revisions

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The '''Gerenian alphabet''' ([[Gerenian language|Gerenian]]: ''leture gherenies'') is a modification of the [[wikipedia:Classical Latin alphabet|classical Latin Alphabet]] and currently consists on 33 letters: 11 vowels and 22 consonants.
The '''Gerenian alphabet''' ([[Gerenian language|Gerenian]]: ''leture gherenies'') use letters of the [[wikipedia:Latin script|Latin script]] and currently consists on 33 letters: 11 vowels and 22 consonants.
 
==Modern alphabet==
==Modern alphabet==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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!width=175|Name
!width=175|Name
!width=50|[[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
!width=50|[[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
!width=400|English example
!width=400|Approximate English example
|-
|-
| Aa || a [a] || a || f'''a'''ther
| Aa || a [a] || a || f'''a'''ther
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| Ww || wa [wa] || w || '''w'''ash
| Ww || wa [wa] || w || '''w'''ash
|}
|}
==History==
==History==
===Proto-Gerenian alphabet===
When Proto-Gerenian was created, it began being written using the standard Latin alphabet. A separate script, named [[Gerakana]], and created around the same time as the language, was also used.
In July 2004, it was invented the Proto-Gerenian alphabet, which consisted on 28 letters. The creation of the [[Gerenian language]] (as its early form) began later that year, and was not related to the alphabet. The reason was that the Proto-Gerenian alphabet was created to encode texts.


The Proto-Gerenian alphabet remained unchanged until June 2006, when some modifications were introduced: a new letter equivalent to the Latin ''[[wikipedia:N|n]]'', and slight alterations to other letters.
In late 2011, with the fresh impetus given to the evolution of the [[Gerenian language]] (caused by the foundation of [[Gerenia]]), it was necessary to agree on an alphabet. The letters ''h'', ''w'' and ''x'' were removed. However, the letters ''ä'', ''ö'', ''ü'', and ''î'' were added at the same time. Several further changes were made to the alphabet during 2012: ''h'' and ''w'' returned to it, ''y'' disappeared for a brief period, and the letters''ț'', ''ž'', ''ĵ'', ''ŷ'', and ''č'' were added. The confusion aroused obliged the [[Government of Gerenia|Gerenian government]] to establish the [[Gerenian Language National Commission]], an agency to regulate both the language and the alphabet. The last modification to the alphabet was made by the Commission, accompanied by the rejection of the proposal to adopt the Gerakana script (either to replace the Latin script or to be used alongside it).


No changes were made to the alphabet until early 2010. A new accent system was adopted, and it was created the sign '''h''' to mark the stressed syllable. The numbers were also determined.
The chart below shows the evolution of the Modern alphabet:


In spite of the above-mentioned changes, there have been criticism regarding the similarity between some Proto-Gerenian letters and Latin ones. With the aim to revert this, a reform proposal was made in September 2011, which would have introduced drastic changes to the alphabet. After a short trial period, the newest version as rejected, and the Proto-Gerenian alphabet gradually fell into desuse during the following months.
===Modern alphabet===
For Archaic Gerenian, the standard Latin alphabet was adopted, and it was established a rule to mark vowels with acute accents in certain cases. Between 2004 and 2011, due to the slow development of the language, the alphabet remained practically unaltered.
In late 2011, with the fresh impetus given to the evolution of the Gerenian language (caused by the foundation of [[Gerenia]]), it was necessary to agree on an alphabet. The letters ''h'', ''w'' and ''x'' were removed. However, during the first half of 2012, new letters began being added to enrich the Gerenian phonology: the letters ''ä'', ''ö'' and ''ü'' were adopted from [[wikipedia:German language|German]], the letters ''î'' and ''ț'' from [[wikipedia:Romanian language|Romanian]], and the letter ''ž'' from [[wikipedia:Estonian language|Estonian]]. Also, the letters "ĵ" and "ŷ" were also included. The confusion aroused obliged the Gerenian government to establish the [[Gerenian Language National Commission]]. A fourth version of the alphabet was soon approved by the Commission, nevertheless, it was modified again in November. Also, the Commission rejected the proposal to adopt the Proto-Gerenian alphabet, either to replace the Modern one or to be used alongside it.
The last modification made to the alphabet was the inclusion of a 33rd letter: ''č'', in December 2012.
The chart below shows the evolution of the Modern alphabet:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
|-
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|  ||  ||  ||  || Č
|  ||  ||  ||  || Č
|}
|}
Notes:
Notes:
* In the 2012 columns, the order of the letters do not correspond to the order established by the Gerenian Language National Commission and its predeccesor.
* In the 2012 columns, the order of the letters do not correspond to the order established by the Gerenian Language National Commission and its predeccesor.
* Some letters remained through the years, though the sounds they represent have changed.
* Some letters remained through the years, though the sounds they represent have changed.
==See also==
==See also==
* [[Gerenian language]]
* [[Gerenian language]]

Revision as of 16:54, 1 March 2018

The Gerenian alphabet (Gerenian: leture gherenies) use letters of the Latin script and currently consists on 33 letters: 11 vowels and 22 consonants.

Modern alphabet

Letter Name IPA Approximate English example
Aa a [a] a father
Ää ahad [a'had] ɛ bed
Ee e [ɛ] ɛ bed
Bb be [bɛ] b bit
Vv ve [vɛ] v vine
Ff fe [fɛ] f face
Cc ce [ɕɛ] ɕ sheer (a voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative)
Čč če [tʃɛ] tʃ catch
Ss se [sɛ] s see
Zz ze [θɛ] θ thin
Žž že [ʐɛ] ʐ pleasure
Dd de [dɛ] d do
Gg ge [gɛ] g game
Hh he [hɛ] h house
Ii i [ɪ] ɪ me
Îî în [əŋ] ə above
Jj j [ɨ] ɨ roses (close central unrounded vowel)
Ĵĵ ĵe [xɛ] x loch (Scottish)
Yy i enoes [ɪ ɛ'noɛs] ɪ me
Ŷŷ ŷe [ʃɛ] ʃ shine
Kk ke [kɛ] k kitten
Ll le [lɛ] l lamp
Mm me [mɛ] m map
Nn ne [nɛ] n not
Oo o [o] o more
Öö ö [œ] œ feu (French), burn
Pp pe [pɛ] p spell
Rr re [rɛ] r rolled r
Tt te [tɛ] t stool
Țț țe [t͡sɛ] t͡s sits
Uu u [ʊ] ʊ moon
Üü ü [ʏ] ʏ tu (French), über (German)
Ww wa [wa] w wash

History

When Proto-Gerenian was created, it began being written using the standard Latin alphabet. A separate script, named Gerakana, and created around the same time as the language, was also used.

In late 2011, with the fresh impetus given to the evolution of the Gerenian language (caused by the foundation of Gerenia), it was necessary to agree on an alphabet. The letters h, w and x were removed. However, the letters ä, ö, ü, and î were added at the same time. Several further changes were made to the alphabet during 2012: h and w returned to it, y disappeared for a brief period, and the lettersț, ž, ĵ, ŷ, and č were added. The confusion aroused obliged the Gerenian government to establish the Gerenian Language National Commission, an agency to regulate both the language and the alphabet. The last modification to the alphabet was made by the Commission, accompanied by the rejection of the proposal to adopt the Gerakana script (either to replace the Latin script or to be used alongside it).

The chart below shows the evolution of the Modern alphabet:

Dec 2004 Dec 2011 Jan 2012 Jun 2012 Dec 2012
A A A A A
B B B B B
C C C C C
D D D D D
E E E E E
F F F F F
G G G G G
H H H H
I I I I I
J J J J J
K K K K K
L L L L L
M M M M M
N N N N N
O O O O O
P P P P P
R R R R R
S S S S S
T T T T T
U U U U U
V V V V V
W W
X
Y Y Y Y
Z Z Z Z Z
Î Î Î Î
Ä Ä Ä Ä
Ö Ö Ö Ö
Ü Ü Ü Ü
Ž Ž
Ț Ț
Ĵ
Ŷ
Č

Notes:

  • In the 2012 columns, the order of the letters do not correspond to the order established by the Gerenian Language National Commission and its predeccesor.
  • Some letters remained through the years, though the sounds they represent have changed.

See also

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