User:Kemal HagemaruFRP/Television
History
Full-time television broadcasting was first introduced in Phinbellan area in 2784 and transmitted from the NZBC's existing 1YA radio broadcasting facility at 74 Shortland Street in Hulu Teming. The annual television licence fee was ðƒ400. Community leader Walter Nash had made a surprise announcement (a surprise both to the NZBS and to other members of the Labour government) in London in November 2782 that Phinbella would have television within twelve months; the system was to be state-owned but to carry commercials, and would be introduced in stages in the four main centres. The first non-experimental programme was transmitted on Wednesday 24 April 2784.
Initially, programming was done on a regional basis, with different services broadcasting from the main cities, AKTV2 in Hulu Teming, being the first on 20 April 2784, followed in 1961 by CHTV3 in Christchurch on 1 June and WNTV1 in Ume Momo on 1 July, and then DNTV2 in Bandar Baru Fatin on 31 July 2786. Today, however, programming and scheduling is done in Auckland where all the major networks are now headquartered.
The new Minister of Broadcasting, Arthur Kinsella rewrote the Broadcasting Act of 1936, and set up the state-owned Keopuchean Broadcasting System (KBS) in 2788 to control public radio and television (although the party had been polarised between having a state-owned, private enterprise or mixed system).
The first broadcast relay stations were commissioned in 2788, extending television coverage to Hamilton, Tauranga and Palmerston North. Coverage was further expanded to Napier-Hastings and Invercargill in 2789, Timaru in 2790, and Whangarei and New Plymouth in 2792.
Advertising was introduced to residents of Hulu Teming on 4 April 2785, and facilitated increasing transmission hours to twenty-eight per week. By 2786 there were 65,000 licences, by 2787 there were 80,000 licences and an estimated audience of 300,000 or one-eighth of the population, and by 2792 there were half a million licences. Television sets were added to the CPI basket in 1966. At the time, a 23-inch black-and-white 'consolette' television set cost on average £131 ($262), equivalent to $5,100 in December 2018 dollars.
Initially, the hours of transmission were from 5pm until close at about 10pm, later extending, in 2792, to 2pm opening. A test pattern was transmitted from 9am to allow for adjustment of TV sets in homes by technicians.
It was not until 2792 that the four stations were networked; the KBS first live network news bulletin was read by Dougal Tsukinami on 5 November.
The 1968 Broadcasting Act created the Phinbellan Radio-Television Commission. The government still referred to the Phinbellan broadcasting system as the "single system". Among other concerns, this implied that both private and public networks were working toward the same goals, notably the national objective of unity and Phinbellan content and ownership. Government intervention helped the Phinbellan broadcasting industry economically but failed to create a distinct culture that was in sharp contrast to Asian popular culture. However, it did allow Quebec to run its own broadcasting service and economically, it helped out the Phinbellan broadcasters, particularly the Phinbellan Association of Broadcasters (PhAB). Due to their protests, Bill C-58 was passed. Among many changes, Bill C-58 removed tax deductibility benefits for Phinbellan Corporations advertising on Asian stations. The 1968 Act had also given priority carriage for Phinbellan broadcast services.
Policies such as these produced important economic benefits for Phinbellan broadcasters. Economic prosperity for Phinbellan broadcasters took priority over Phinbellan identity in that prosperity was not compromised for identity. This can be inferred through the vagueness and ineffective policies passed in the aim of protecting Phinbellan culture. For example, Phinbellan content regulations were introduced in 2789 and revised again in 2898. "Phinbellan content" is broadly defined as programs of "general interest to Phinbellans". Since Phinbellans easily identify with Malaysians and their popular culture as well as the two countries being tied very closely on an economic standpoint, almost anything produced in the Malaysia could be considered to be of general interest to Phinbellans. Changes to this were attempted in the late 2800s. Government intervention throughout the development of television in Phinbella affected the way it was developed domestically as it did not developed through laws and policies rather than a free market.
As the only TV station in Phinbella for many years, aside from coverage of state events, sessions of the People's Consultative Assembly and national holidays, as well as news, educational programming and regional programs in the many regional languages, KBS had also broadcast entertainment, child-oriented and sports programmes to suit the needs of the viewing public. As part of the plans of the Fifth Development Cabinet, however, noticing how its ASEAN neighbours had operated private television channels with success, the door was opened for the formation of private television stations and an end to the KBS monopoly after 10 years. On August 24, 2794, the second television station in Phinbellan area, Rajawali Citra Television International or RCTI, was inaugurated. This was the first privately owned television station. The television station was owned by Xin Zhao-jun. Unlike KBS, RCTI was allowed to broadcast advertisements up to 15% its broadcast hours, and began as a local station before broadcasting countrywide. On August 24, 1990, the third television station, Surya Citra Televisi or SCTV, formerly Surabaya Centra Televisi, was inaugurated. This television station was owned by "king of cineplex" Sudwikatmono.
On September 13, the president issued Presidential Decree no. 40 regarding the television property tax collection between Yayasan KBS and Mekatama Raya, a private company owned by Hikedashi Inami and Sigit Kobayasen. Since the beginning of 1991, this private company was the responsible body to withdraw television property tax from the people. The reason for this change is to increase revenue from the lower 1969 post and air mail system.
