Sanaman vocabulary: Difference between revisions

From MicrasWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Malliki (talk | contribs)
9,882 edits
Malliki (talk | contribs)
9,882 edits
No edit summary
 
(3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 9: Line 9:
! width="100px" | Pronunciation
! width="100px" | Pronunciation
! Etymology
! Etymology
! width="100px" | Class
! width="60px" | Class
! Istvanistani
! Istvanistani
|-
|-
| affelh || || || ||  
| athelh || || From Old Sani ''hatiliha'' ("hot, warm"), possibly a loanword from unknown source. || adj. || 1. Hot, the state of being very warm.
|-
|-
| affoy || || || ||  
| athoy || || From Old Sani ''hatiliha'' ("hot, warm"), possibly a loanword from unknown source. || noun || 1. Fire, a chemical reaction that produces heat and flames.
|-
|-
| ako || || || ||  
| ako || || From Old Sani ''hako'' ("I"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*hako''. || Pronoun || I (''first person singular pronoun''). <br>1. The speaker or writer, in the absolutive case the subject or patient of a sentence. <br>2. The speaker or writer, in the ergative case the agent of a sentence. Can also appear in other cases.
|-
|-
| akoma || || || ||  
| akoma || || From Old Sani ''hako'' ("I"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*hako''. || Pronoun || We (''first person plural inclusive pronoun''), includes the person the speaker or writer is addressing or referencing. <br>1. The speaker or writer, in the absolutive case the subject or patient of a sentence. <br>2. The speaker or writer, in the ergative case the agent of a sentence. Can also appear in other cases.
|-
|-
| akori || || || ||  
| akori || || From Old Sani ''hako'' ("I"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*hako''. || Pronoun || We (''first person plural exclusive pronoun''), excludes the person the speaker or writer is addressing or referencing. <br>1. The speaker or writer, in the absolutive case the subject or patient of a sentence. <br>2. The speaker or writer, in the ergative case the agent of a sentence. Can also appear in other cases.
|-
|-
| ala || || || ||  
| ala || || From Old Sani ''hala'' ("eye"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*hala''. || Noun || eye <br>1. An organ through which animals see. <br>2. The center of something. <br>3. A small hole.
|-
|-
| amerha || || From Old Sani ''omirha'', from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*homiriha''. || Noun || eagle
| alë || || From ''ala'' ("eye"), from Old Sani ''hala'', from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*hala''. || Verb || To inspect or examine something closely and critically.
|-
| amerha || || From Old Sani ''omirha'', from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*homiriha''. || Noun || eagle
|-
|-
| an || || From Old Sani ''han'', from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*kana'' ("hovel"). || Noun || 1. House, building for human habitation. <br>2. (''colloquial'') Closest family.
| an || || From Old Sani ''han'', from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*kana'' ("hovel"). || Noun || 1. House, building for human habitation. <br>2. (''colloquial'') Closest family.
Line 55: Line 57:
! width="100px" | Istvanistani
! width="100px" | Istvanistani
|-
|-
| erin || || || ||  
| erin || || From Praeta ''Ærnn'' ("letter, written message"). See also ''harunti''. || noun || 1. Letter. <br>2. Written note or message.
|-
|-
| esa || || || ||  
| esa || || || noun, adj. || East (cardinal direction).
|-
|-
| esas || || || ||  
| esas || || || noun || The Sun.
|-
|-
| esatë || || || ||  
| esatë || || || verb || 1. To stand; support oneself on the feet in an erect position.
|-
|-
| estorlla || || || ||  
| estorlla || [e'stoɾ̥ɬa] || From Storish ''Stormark'' and Sanaman ''-lla'' ("area beloning to"). || noun || 1. The country of Stormark.
|-
|-
| estorti || || || ||  
| estorti || || From Storish ''Stormark'' and Sanaman ''-ti'' ("person of/from"). || noun || 1. Person from Stormark, Storish person. <br>2. Degenerate, a morally reprehensible person.
|-
|-
| estorya || || || ||  
| estorya || || From Storish ''Stormark'' and the Sanaman adjectiviser suffix ''-ya''. || adj. || 1. Storish, to be from the country of Stormark. <br>2. Morally corrupt, degenerated.
|-
|-
| eso || || || ||  
| eso || ['eso] || || noun || 1. Day (the 24 hour period from midnight to midnight). Day traditionally starts at sundown.
|}
|}


Line 96: Line 98:
|-
|-
| fini || || || ||  
| fini || || || ||  
|}
=== Ff ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:1px; border:1px solid #ccc;"
|+
! width="100px" | Word
! width="100px" | Pronunciation
! Etymology
! width="100px" | Class
! width="100px" | Istvanistani
|-
| ffa || || || ||
|-
| ffaman || || || ||
|-
| ffel || || || ||
|-
| ffesun || || || ||
|}
|}


Line 137: Line 120:
| hare || || || ||  
| hare || || || ||  
|-
|-
| hareffa || || || ||  
| haretha || || || ||  
|-
|-
| hareffina || || || ||  
| harethina || || || ||  
|-
|-
| harh || || || ||  
| harh || || || ||  
Line 157: Line 140:
| helo || || || ||  
| helo || || || ||  
|-
|-
| hanu || || || ||  
| hano || || || ||  
|}
|}


Line 317: Line 300:
! width="100px" | Pronunciation
! width="100px" | Pronunciation
! Etymology
! Etymology
! width="100px" | Class
! width="60px" | Class
! width="100px" | Istvanistani
! Istvanistani
|-
|-
| ma || || || ||  
| ma || || || ||  
Line 351: Line 334:
|-
|-
| meheng || || || ||  
| meheng || || || ||  
|-
| mihirë || || From Old Sani ''mihira'' ("song"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ''*mihi'' ("swishing wind"). || verb || 1. (''intransitive'') To sing; to produce musical or harmonious sounds with one’s voice. <br>2. (''transitive'') To sing; to express audibly by means of a harmonious vocalization. <br>3. (''transitive, poetic, figuratively'') To express one's romantic love or feelings for someone else.
|-
|-
| mile || || || ||  
| mile || || || ||  
Line 719: Line 704:
|-
|-
| tuxa || || || ||  
| tuxa || || || ||  
|}
=== Th ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:1px; border:1px solid #ccc;"
|+
! width="100px" | Word
! width="100px" | Pronunciation
! Etymology
! width="100px" | Class
! width="100px" | Istvanistani
|-
| tha || || || ||
|-
| thaman || || || ||
|-
| thel || || || ||
|-
| thesun || || || ||
|}
|}


Line 819: Line 823:
| ya || || || ||  
| ya || || || ||  
|-
|-
| yaffa || || || ||  
| yatha || || || ||  
|-
|-
| yala || || || ||  
| yala || || || ||  
Line 872: Line 876:
|| color || lunti || &nbsp; || ''noun, adjective:'' green
|| color || lunti || &nbsp; || ''noun, adjective:'' green
|-
|-
|| structure || ffaman || &nbsp; || ''noun:'' garden, fenced or otherwise delimited area with controlled greenery
|| structure || thaman || &nbsp; || ''noun:'' garden, fenced or otherwise delimited area with controlled greenery
|-
|-
|| direction || esa || &nbsp; || ''noun, adjective:'' east
|| direction || esa || &nbsp; || ''noun, adjective:'' east
Line 880: Line 884:
|| direction || ate || &nbsp; || ''noun, adjective:'' west
|| direction || ate || &nbsp; || ''noun, adjective:'' west
|-
|-
|| geography || hareffa [ha'reθa] || &nbsp; || ''noun:'' island
|| geography || haretha [ha'reθa] || &nbsp; || ''noun:'' island
|-
|-
|| geography || hareffina [ha'reθina] || '''Sa.''' ''hareffa'', island + ''ina'', half || ''noun:'' peninsula
|| geography || harethina [ha'reθina] || '''Sa.''' ''haretha'', island + ''ina'', half || ''noun:'' peninsula
|-
|-
|| colloquialism || tata || &nbsp; || ''noun:'' filth, dirt
|| colloquialism || tata || &nbsp; || ''noun:'' filth, dirt
Line 920: Line 924:
|| || inseto [ɪn'seto] || '''Cis.''' ''insetto'' || ''noun:'' insect
|| || inseto [ɪn'seto] || '''Cis.''' ''insetto'' || ''noun:'' insect
|-
|-
|| || ffesun || || ''noun:'' animal, beast, non-human living being
|| || thesun || || ''noun:'' animal, beast, non-human living being
|-
|-
|| || xosale || '''San.''' ''xo'' much, plentiful + '''San.''' ''sale'' health || ''interj.'' greetings. Often pronounced ''xos''. Heavily promoted by Sani- and Ama-speaking cantons instead of Istvanistani expressions. Slightly formal.
|| || xosale || '''San.''' ''xo'' much, plentiful + '''San.''' ''sale'' health || ''interj.'' greetings. Often pronounced ''xos''. Heavily promoted by Sani- and Ama-speaking cantons instead of Istvanistani expressions. Slightly formal.
Line 1,210: Line 1,214:
| || qukalsim || || ''noun:'' chairperson, president of a committee, council leader, chieftain (archaic)
| || qukalsim || || ''noun:'' chairperson, president of a committee, council leader, chieftain (archaic)
|-
|-
| || ffel || || ''suffix:'' forms nouns denoting instrument from verb
| || thel || || ''suffix:'' forms nouns denoting instrument from verb
|-
|-
| || tawal || || ''noun:'' gathering; also a Sanaman community gathering or party
| || tawal || || ''noun:'' gathering; also a Sanaman community gathering or party
Line 1,294: Line 1,298:
| you || ika || heart || kokorho
| you || ika || heart || kokorho
|-
|-
| we (inclusive) || tayo || liver || yaffa
| we (inclusive) || tayo || liver || yatha
|-
|-
| this || to || drink (verb) || inë
| this || to || drink (verb) || inë
Line 1,300: Line 1,304:
| that || ya || eat (verb) || kayinë
| that || ya || eat (verb) || kayinë
|-
|-
| who? || ffino || bite (verb) || kukatë
| who? || thino || bite (verb) || kukatë
|-
|-
| what? || yano || see (verb) || matë
| what? || yano || see (verb) || matë
Line 1,352: Line 1,356:
| bone || puto || smoke (noun, of fire) || yuso  
| bone || puto || smoke (noun, of fire) || yuso  
|-
|-
| grease (fat, organic substance) || keris || fire || affoy
| grease (fat, organic substance) || keris || fire || athoy
|-
|-
| egg || oko || ash(es) || hanu
| egg || oko || ash(es) || hanu
Line 1,374: Line 1,378:
| mouth || shef || night || yoru
| mouth || shef || night || yoru
|-
|-
| tooth (front, rather than molar) || kalin || hot (adjective) || affelh
| tooth (front, rather than molar) || kalin || hot (adjective) || athelh
|-
|-
| tongue (anatomical) || tila || cold (of weather) || lamix
| tongue (anatomical) || tila || cold (of weather) || lamix

Latest revision as of 20:17, 18 February 2026

Sanaman vocabulary

Most of the Sanaman vocabulary is Cosimo-Benacian in origin, but the language has also borrowed words, mainly from Praeta, Cisamarrese and Istvanistani. There are also loanwords from Babkhi, Laqi, Machiavellian as well as several other major Micran languages. A standardised version of the Sanaman language, comprising influences from the Ama and Sani dialects, was formed in 1681.

A

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
athelh From Old Sani hatiliha ("hot, warm"), possibly a loanword from unknown source. adj. 1. Hot, the state of being very warm.
athoy From Old Sani hatiliha ("hot, warm"), possibly a loanword from unknown source. noun 1. Fire, a chemical reaction that produces heat and flames.
ako From Old Sani hako ("I"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *hako. Pronoun I (first person singular pronoun).
1. The speaker or writer, in the absolutive case the subject or patient of a sentence.
2. The speaker or writer, in the ergative case the agent of a sentence. Can also appear in other cases.
akoma From Old Sani hako ("I"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *hako. Pronoun We (first person plural inclusive pronoun), includes the person the speaker or writer is addressing or referencing.
1. The speaker or writer, in the absolutive case the subject or patient of a sentence.
2. The speaker or writer, in the ergative case the agent of a sentence. Can also appear in other cases.
akori From Old Sani hako ("I"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *hako. Pronoun We (first person plural exclusive pronoun), excludes the person the speaker or writer is addressing or referencing.
1. The speaker or writer, in the absolutive case the subject or patient of a sentence.
2. The speaker or writer, in the ergative case the agent of a sentence. Can also appear in other cases.
ala From Old Sani hala ("eye"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *hala. Noun eye
1. An organ through which animals see.
2. The center of something.
3. A small hole.
alë From ala ("eye"), from Old Sani hala, from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *hala. Verb To inspect or examine something closely and critically.
amerha From Old Sani omirha, from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *homiriha. Noun eagle
an From Old Sani han, from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *kana ("hovel"). Noun 1. House, building for human habitation.
2. (colloquial) Closest family.
ana
anati
apishe
aso
ate
axarana
axi
ayalë

E

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
erin From Praeta Ærnn ("letter, written message"). See also harunti. noun 1. Letter.
2. Written note or message.
esa noun, adj. East (cardinal direction).
esas noun The Sun.
esatë verb 1. To stand; support oneself on the feet in an erect position.
estorlla [e'stoɾ̥ɬa] From Storish Stormark and Sanaman -lla ("area beloning to"). noun 1. The country of Stormark.
estorti From Storish Stormark and Sanaman -ti ("person of/from"). noun 1. Person from Stormark, Storish person.
2. Degenerate, a morally reprehensible person.
estorya From Storish Stormark and the Sanaman adjectiviser suffix -ya. adj. 1. Storish, to be from the country of Stormark.
2. Morally corrupt, degenerated.
eso ['eso] noun 1. Day (the 24 hour period from midnight to midnight). Day traditionally starts at sundown.

Ë

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani

F

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
fini

H

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
halimpan
halin
hangko
hanta
hare
haretha
harethina
harh
harh-a-xusha
harh-a-xusha-ta-xumi
harunti
haxal
haxalla
hela
helo
hano

I

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
ihaw
ika
iko
inë
insenya
inseto
islus
ixar

K

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
kalarha
kalin
kalsho
kamulë
kan
kara
katiwhë
katiwhen
kawlapa
kaxi
kaye
kayinë
keris
kiti
kokarho
konselyo
korta
kosel
koslë
koslhen
koslhen sharamyaya
kosos
kota
kotë
kukatë
kuxo

L

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
lamix
lan
lanta
lanyita
laxas
laxasya
leti
lilina
ling
lipi
lukoyë
lunti
lupatë

Lh

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
lha
lhaman
lhuna
lhus
lhusan
lhusë

M

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
ma
mahalalë
mahalalen
maheshanë
maheshanen
maheshanenti
makë
mala
mamanë
manin
manso
maputi
maten
matë
maton
meheng
mihirë From Old Sani mihira ("song"), from Proto-Cosimo-Benacian *mihi ("swishing wind"). verb 1. (intransitive) To sing; to produce musical or harmonious sounds with one’s voice.
2. (transitive) To sing; to express audibly by means of a harmonious vocalization.
3. (transitive, poetic, figuratively) To express one's romantic love or feelings for someone else.
mile
miqale
mo
mongko

N

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
nako
namake
narte
nashonal
nati
neyshën
nula
nulhë

Ng

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
ngarë
ngulo

O

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
oko
orën
oyá

P

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
pa
paha
paharh
pahay
pahayë
palana
palarh
paka
palë
pane
panë
panga
pantera
parhkita
pato
peha
pehati
pepehaken
pesh
peshë
pëko
pikas
piki
pilong
pipë
pixë
posa
pula
puno
punta
punto
pupaw
puri
putiki
puti
puto
puwha
puyë

Q

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
qale
qani
qaqale
qaqatirhi
qe
qukal
qukalsim
qul
qulyuma
qurtë

R

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
ranti

Rh

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
rhayon
rhimë
rhinga
rhumë
rhumëti

S

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
sale
sawa
seno
sento
serhqal
serhqalë
serhqalya
si
si-na-xusha
si-na-xusha-ta-xumi
sim
sisa
sisikë
sisiken
sumasë
sumasen
sunë

Sh

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
shara
sharam
sharamya
shaw
shef
sheya
shorh
shuka
shukako

T

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
ta
taha
talë
tamë
tari
tata
tatawal
tati
tawal
taxa
taxo
taxati
taxon
tayo
telh
telhera
terhi
terhiya
ti
tila
tilwha
titixa
tiqa
tiqa-na-xusha
tiqa-na-xusha-ta-xumi
tira
to
tufi
tulha
tulhë
tuman
tuxa

Th

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
tha
thaman
thel
thesun

U

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
uray
uraya
urayya
urqo

W

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
walana

Wh

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
whaso

X

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
xalmë
xonu
xonuti
xosale
xumi
xumi-ta-harh
xumi-ta-iko
xumi-ta-lan
xumi-ta-palë
xumi-ta-si
xumi-ta-tiqa
xumi-ta-walana
xusha
xusha-ta-lan
xusha-ta-xumi

Y

Word Pronunciation Etymology Class Istvanistani
ya
yatha
yala
yano
yenashë
yenashen
yoras
yoren
yoru
yuha
yukal
yula
yuso
yusha
body xonu   noun: head, main
government xonuti   noun: traditional: king, leader, chieftain; modern: president
grammar ti   suffix: abstraction of noun to refer to a person
grammar lla   suffix: area belonging to the modified noun
grammar qe   suffix: part, section, subdivision of the modified noun
grammar kan   suffix: Added to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being (the adjective)", "the quality of being (the adjective)", or "the measure of being (the adjective)".
  sawa   adjective: free, unchained, not in servitude, independent
government rrumë   noun: state, independent entity
grammar ta   conjunction: and
government kosos Pr. Koïsoß, "Empire or a significant State, realm, domain, sphere" noun: empire
interjection oyá   interj.: hello, hi
color lunti   noun, adjective: green
structure thaman   noun: garden, fenced or otherwise delimited area with controlled greenery
direction esa   noun, adjective: east
geology paharr   noun: spring, source of running water
direction ate   noun, adjective: west
geography haretha [ha'reθa]   noun: island
geography harethina [ha'reθina] Sa. haretha, island + ina, half noun: peninsula
colloquialism tata   noun: filth, dirt
profanity tati Sa. tata, filth, dirt noun: originally a derogatory term for Sanis used by Istvani-speakers in and around Niyi. Now considered a racist slur, but used to that effect all over the country in certain circles.
abstract pesh adjective, noun: dead, death
abstract peshë verb: die, cease to live
geography ranti noun: shore, often rocky or forested
direction taha From San. taxa sea noun, adjective: south
geography puri noun: harbour, port
geography kara noun: river
axi adjective: new
pantera [pan'teɾa] Cis. bandiera noun: flag
insenya [ɪn'senja] Cis. insegna noun: ensign
sale noun: health, soundness
sale Cis. sale noun: salt
manso Cis. manzo noun: beef, meat from cattle
maton Ist. mutton noun: mutton, meat from sheep
kalarra noun: fish
whaso noun: bird
inseto [ɪn'seto] Cis. insetto noun: insect
thesun noun: animal, beast, non-human living being
xosale San. xo much, plentiful + San. sale health interj. greetings. Often pronounced xos. Heavily promoted by Sani- and Ama-speaking cantons instead of Istvanistani expressions. Slightly formal.
shaw Cis. ciao interj. hello, hi. Sometimes used in Amarra and by Sanaman speakers in majority Cisamarrese areas.
helo Ist. hello interj. hello, hi. Sometimes used in Sanilla and by Sanaman speakers in majority Istvanistani areas.
namake Bab. namak salt noun: semen
narte Bab. nard nectar noun: vaginal fluids
geography ixar noun: inlet, narrow bay
direction punta From San. punto mountain noun, adjective: north
building islus Elw. islus sluice noun: sluice, lock
concept halin adj.: secure, safe
concept halimpan San. halin secure, safe noun: security, safety
grammar -pan suffix: turns an abstract adjective into a noun
direction apishe Cis. apice apex, peak, climax, top noun: apex, top, peak
sawa [sa'wa] R. Laq. zaua fight, battle, war noun: disagreement, conflict
business pangka Cis. banca bank noun: bank
grammar -li suffix: genitive, signifying the owner of the preceding noun phrase
grammar -ya suffix: turns an abstract noun into an adjective
neyshën Ist. nation noun: nation
nashonal Ist. national adj.: national
llusan San. llus discussion, an house noun: assembly, council; often used for the traditional local tribal councils in Sanilla and Amarra. For foreign deliberative bodies, konselyo is used.
llus noun: discussion, exchange of ideas; a mutual meaningful conversation.
llusë San. llus discussion, exchange of ideas verb: to discuss, to exchange ideas.
konselyo [kon'seljo] Cis. consiglio noun: council; see also llusan.
grammar -en suffix: turns a transitive verb into a noun.
structure an noun: house, built structure for human habitation.
grammar -ako suffix: place of, physical space belonging to the modified word. Contrasts with -lla in that -lla refers to a geographical area.
rrumëti San. rrumë state, San. -ti person of. noun: citizen, national. Ex.: rrumëti Sanamali, citizen of Sanama.
nature qani Elw qanyr snowflake noun: snow
geography estorlla [e'stoɾ̥ɬa] Sto. Stormark, San. -lla area belonging to noun: Stormark
estorti [e'stoɾtɪ] San. estor(lla) Stormark, -ti person of noun: 1. Storish person, 2. degenerate
estorya [e'stoɾja] San. estor(lla) Stormark, -ya turns noun into adjective 1. adj.: Storish, 2. adj.: Morally corrupt, degenerated
number nula Cis. nulla zero zero
number lan one
number harh two
number si three
number tiqa four
number palë five
number walana six
number iko seven
number sheya eight
number nako nine
number shara ten
number lhuna eleven
number xumi twelve
number xumi-ta-lan thirteen
number xumi-ta-harh fourteen
number xumi-ta-si fifteen
number xumi-ta-tiqa sixteen
number xumi-ta-palë seventeen
number xumi-ta-walana eighteen
number xumi-ta-iko nineteen
number xusha twenty
number xusha-ta-lan twenty-one
number xusha-ta-xumi thirty
number harh-a-xusha forty
number harh-a-xusha-ta-xumi fifty
number si-na-xusha sixty
number si-na-xusha-ta-xumi seventy
number tiqa-na-xusha eighty
number tiqa-na-xusha-ta-xumi ninety
number hanta (one) hundred
number tirenta Cis. trenta thirty thirty
number karanta Cis. quaranta forty forty
number sinkanta Cis. cinquanta fifty fifty
number sesanta Cis. sessanta sixty sixty
number setanta Cis. settanta seventy seventy
number otanta Cis. ottanta eighty eighty
number nofanta Cis. novanta ninety ninety
number fuwapalë San. furr two, San. wapalë thirty; two thirties sixty
number fushepalina San. fushepalë eighty, San. ina half seventy
number fushepalë San. furr two, San. shepalë forty; two forties eighty
number patipalina San. patipalë hundred, San. ina half ninety
number patipalë San. palë five, San. tipalë twenty; five twenties hundred
number sento Cis. cento hundred hundred
number mile Cis. mille thousand thousand
concept kaye none, lack of something
suffix -kaye lack of the modified word, like Ist. -less
prefix lan- San. lan one definite form, one unit of the noun
particle qul San. qale many undeterminate plural
qale many, lots, several
miqale few
prefix mi- turns the modified word into its antonym
animal aso noun: dog; domesticated canis lupus familiaris.
uray noun: love, deep affection
uraya San. uray love (n) t. verb: to love, to have deep affection for something or someone.
urayya San. uray love (n) lovingly, affectionately
sharam people, ethnic group
structure pahay house, dwelling, establishment; home
pahayë San. pahay home verb: to live (somewhere); having a home, being at home. She lives in a house
food pikas rice
abstract nouns serhqal noun: theft, thievery
concept serhqalya adj.: stolen, taken
actions serhqalë t. verb: to steal, to take without permission
geography taxa noun: sea, ocean
person taxati noun: seaman, sailor
physics hangko noun: air, atmosphere
physics hare noun: land, Micras surface
physics rhayon noun: lightning bolt
physics axarana [axa'ɾana] noun: shadow
grammar -ye case: from
grammar -lan case: to
laxas noun: power, strength
laxasya San. laxas: power, strength adj.: powerful, strong
terhi noun: quickness, speediness
terhiya San. terhi: quickness, speediness adj.: quick, speedy
yenashë verb: to be loyal towards
yenashen noun: loyalty
katiwhë verb: to trust, to have faith in
katiwhen noun: faithfulness, trustworthiness
sumasë verb: to depend, to rely upon
sumasen noun: dependability, reliability
maheshanë verb: to support
maheshanen noun: "supportability"
maheshanenti noun: supporter
esu noun: day (day traditionally starts at sundown)
taxon noun: year
puwha noun: month
ling noun: week
animals pupaw noun: pig, hog
animals paka noun: cow
animals kawlapa noun: carabao
animals qaqatirri noun: bird endemic to Sanama
animals putiki noun: lizard
animals meheng noun: goat
animals amerha noun: eagle
animals mongko noun: mongoose
animals piki noun: chicken
animals yusha noun: deer
animals posa noun: cat
animals telhera noun: fish endemic to Sanaman lakes and rivers
animals ihaw noun: donkey
animals yuha noun: monkey
mahalalë verb: to remember, to recall
mahalalen noun: rememberance, recollection
grammar -xelh suffix: suffix indicating the word is to an extreme extent
kota noun: oar
kosel noun: rudder, steering apparatus on a ship
koslë verb: to steer
koslhen noun: government, rulership
sharamya adj.: popular (from people)
koslhen sharamyapan noun: democracy
koslhen sharamyaya adj.: democratic
sim suffix: performer of a verb
qukal From Proto-Sanaman qukaleni, "teeth" noun: ceremonial mace, fish-fork (archaic)
qukalsim noun: chairperson, president of a committee, council leader, chieftain (archaic)
thel suffix: forms nouns denoting instrument from verb
tawal noun: gathering; also a Sanaman community gathering or party
tatawal noun: assembly, (political) party
lanyita noun: union
suffix -yita suffix: abstraction of noun
peha noun: part, share
pehati From peha, "part, share" and -ti, "person" noun: member
orën noun: law, regulation
suffix -ë suffix: turns word into verb
sisikë verb: to stick to, to adhere, to conform to something, to enforce
sisiken noun: adherence, conformity, enforcement
suffix -xin, -ken, -ki suffix: derivation of nouns
pepehaken From peha, "part, share" with reduplication and -ken, derivation of nouns. noun: department, section
urqo noun: bull; male bovine
haxal noun: lord, ruler; ruler serving under the xonuti
haxalla noun: lord's domain
shuka noun: market
shukako noun: marketplace, city
qale interjection: thanks, thank you
qaqale duplication of first syllable in qale, thanks noun: many thanks
maputi From maha, "time" and puti, "good" interjection: welcome
lipi Extension of meaning from lipi, "hearth" noun: family, kin, hearth
pane adj: sandy beach
tira noun: lowlands, fields
korta From Cisamarrese and Tellian corda, see also Martino cuerda noun: string, line
parhkita From Old Ama parikita, from Old Praeta bairg- + -ida, meaning "keep, fortress" noun: castle, palace
harunti From Old Ama haruniti, from Old Praeta airundi, meaning "letter, written message" noun: legal proclamation, for example of new legislation coming into effect
erin From Praeta Ærnn, meaning "letter, written message", se also "harunti" noun: letter, written note or message
kalsho From Cisamarrese calcio, meaning "a kick, football" noun: Association football
pa From Proto-Cosimo-Benacian pa, "father" noun: father.
ma From Proto-Cosimo-Benacian ma, "mother" noun: mother.
ana From Proto-Cosimo-Benacian hana, "child, offspring" noun: child, biological offspring; also used as a diminutive form for "son/daughter".
anati From Proto-Cosimo-Benacian hana, "child, offspring" and -ti, a personhood marker noun: son/daughter, the social position of being a parent's offspring. Example: "The man is no longer an ana but will always be his father's anati".
leti From Proto-Cosimo-Benacian li, "man, male" and -ti, a personhood marker noun: man, male.
nati From Proto-Cosimo-Benacian na, "woman, female" and -ti, a personhood marker noun: woman, female.

Swadesh list

Istvanistani Sanaman Istvanistani Sanaman
I ako breasts qulyuma
you ika heart kokorho
we (inclusive) tayo liver yatha
this to drink (verb) inë
that ya eat (verb) kayinë
who? thino bite (verb) kukatë
what? yano see (verb) matë
not kaye hear (verb) panë
all (of a number) telh know (facts) mamanë
many qale sleep (verb) kamulë
one lan die (verb) peshë
two furh kill (verb) puyë
big mala swim (verb) lukoyë
long (not wide) maten fly (verb) lupatë
small kiti walk (verb) makë
woman nati come (verb) tulhë
man (adult male human) leti lie (on side, recline) nulhë
person (invididual human) ti sit (verb) ayalë
fish (noun) kalarha stand (verb) esatë
bird whaso give (verb) tamë
dog asho say (verb) pixë
louse titixa sun esas
tree (not log) puno moon yoras
seed (noun) fini star shorh
leaf (botanics) taxo water (noun) tufi
root (botanics) yukal rain (noun) yula
bark (of tree) tuman stone (noun) pato
skin (person's) palarh sand sisa
flesh (meat, flesh) lhaman earth (soil) tulha
blood tuxa cloud (not fog) yala
bone puto smoke (noun, of fire) yuso
grease (fat, organic substance) keris fire athoy
egg oko ash(es) hanu
horn (of bull etc.) hela burn (verb intr.) sunë
tail punto path (road, trail) lanta
feather (large, not down) palana mountain (not hill) punto
hair (on head of humans) lilina red (color) pula
head (anatomic) xonu green (color) lunti
ear ngulo yellow (color) tilwha
eye ala white (color) puti
nose seno black (color) yoren
mouth shef night yoru
tooth (front, rather than molar) kalin hot (adjective) athelh
tongue (anatomical) tila cold (of weather) lamix
claw kuxo full puno
foot (not leg) paha new axi
knee tari good puti
hand rhinga round pilong
belly (lower part of body, abdomen) pëko dry (substance) manin
neck (not nape) kaxi name panga
Retrieved from "https://micras.org/wiki/index.php?title=Sanaman_vocabulary&oldid=396655"