Elwynnese Unified Alphabet: Difference between revisions
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The '''Elwynnese Unified Alphabet''' is an initiative of the People's Academy of Elwynn for one coherent alphabet across the entirety of the Elwynnese State and its many languages, so that people's names, regardless of language, will have a coherent spelling across the entirety of the Elwynnese State. The Unified Alphabet is proposed to be | The '''Elwynnese Unified Alphabet''' ('''EUA''') is an initiative of the [[People's Academy of Elwynn]] for one coherent alphabet across the entirety of the [[Elwynnese State]] and its many languages, so that people's names, regardless of language, will have a coherent spelling across the entirety of the Elwynnese State. The Unified Alphabet is proposed to be Methodic. It has 55 letters, though not all of them are commonly used in all languages. | ||
As of 1692, it covers [[Amokolian language|Amokolian]], [[Babkhi language|Babkhi]], Batavian, Boreal, [[Elw language|Elw]], [[Mishalanese language|Mishalanese]], [[Norse]], and Ocian. | |||
== Letters == | |||
The letters of the EUA are as follows. Their use in the other language (outside names, toponyms, non-nativized loanwords etc) are indicated by '''Y''' for "yes" and '''N''' for "no", and '''R''' for "rare". | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! !! Amokolian !! Babkhi !! Batavian !! Germanian !! Elw !! Mishalanese !! Norse !! Ocian !! Reinish | |||
|- | |||
! А а | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ӑ ӑ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! А̊ а̊ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ӕ ӕ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Б б | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! В в | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Г г | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ғ ғ | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Д д | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ԃ ԃ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Е е | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ё ё | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ж ж | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N | |||
|- | |||
! З з | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ѕ ѕ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! И и | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ӣ ӣ | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || N || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Й й | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ј ј | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! К к | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Қ қ | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Л л | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ӆ ӆ | |||
| N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#FFFFBB align="center"|R || N || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Љ љ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y|| N | |||
|- | |||
! М м | |||
|bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Н н | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ӈ ӈ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Њ њ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N | |||
|- | |||
! О о | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ө ө; | |||
| N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! П п | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Р р | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! С с | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Т т | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ԏ ԏ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! У у | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ӯ ӯ | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || N || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ў ў | |||
| N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ү ү | |||
| N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ф ф | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Х х | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ҳ ҳ | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Һ һ | |||
| N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ц ц | |||
| N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ч ч | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ҷ ҷ | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || N || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Џ џ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Ш ш | |||
| bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y | |||
|- | |||
! Щщ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ъ ъ | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ъ ъ | |||
| N || N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ы ы | |||
| N || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Э э | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Ю ю | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|- | |||
! Я я | |||
| N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || bgcolor=#99ff99 align="center"|Y || N || N || N | |||
|} | |||
== Amokolian == | |||
== Babkhi == | |||
: ''See also [[wikipedia:Tajik alphabet|Babkhi alphabet]].'' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Methodic | |||
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] | |||
! Transliteration | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|А а}} || {{IPA|/æ/}} || a | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Б б}} || {{IPA|/b/}} || b | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|В в}} || {{IPA|/v/}} || v | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Г г}} || {{IPA|/ɡ/}} || g | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ғ ғ}} || {{IPA|/ʁ/}} || ġ, ḡ, gh | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Д д}} || {{IPA|/d/}} || d | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Е е}} || {{IPA|/jeː, eː/}} || e, ye | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ё ё}} || {{IPA|/jɔː/}} || yo | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ж ж}} || {{IPA|/ʒ/}} || ž, zh | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|З з}} || {{IPA|/z/}} || z | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|И и}} || {{IPA|/i/}} || i | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ӣ ӣ}} || {{IPA|/ɘ/}} || ī, í, e | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Й й}} || {{IPA|/j/}} || y, ĭ, j | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|К к}} || {{IPA|/k/}} || k | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Қ қ}} || {{IPA|/q/}} || q, ķ | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Л л}} || {{IPA|/l/}} || l | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|М м}} || {{IPA|/m/}} || m | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Н н}} || {{IPA|/n/}} || n | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|О о}} || {{IPA|/ɔː/}} || o | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|П п}} || {{IPA|/p/}} || p | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Р р}} || {{IPA|/r/}} || r | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|С с}} || {{IPA|/s/}} || s | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Т т}} || {{IPA|/t/}} || t | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|У у}} || {{IPA|/u/}} || u | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ӯ ӯ}} || {{IPA|/ɵː/}} || ū, ŭ | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ф ф}} || {{IPA|/f/}} || f | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Х х}} || {{IPA|/χ/}} || h, kh, x | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ҳ ҳ}} || {{IPA|/h/}} || ḩ, h, x | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ч ч}} || {{IPA|/tʃ/}} || č, ch | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ҷ ҷ}} || {{IPA|/dʒ/}} || ç, j, č̦ | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ш ш}} || {{IPA|/ʃ/}} || š, sh | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ъ ъ}} || {{IPA|/ʔ/}} || ' | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Э э}} || {{IPA|/eː/}} || è, e, ė | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Ю ю}} || {{IPA|/ju/}} || yu, i͡u, ju | |||
|- | |||
| {{lang|tg-Cyrl|Я я}} || {{IPA|/jæ/}} || ya, i͡a, ja | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
== Batavian == | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Letter combination !! Sound !! Transliteration !! Comment | |||
|- | |||
! а | |||
| /ɑ/~/aː/ || a || | |||
|- | |||
! аа | |||
| /aː/ || aa || | |||
|- | |||
! аай | |||
| /aːi̯/ || aai || | |||
|- | |||
! ай | |||
| /ɑi̯/ || ai || | |||
|- | |||
! ау | |||
| /ɑu̯/ || au || | |||
|- | |||
! ауў | |||
| /ɑu̯/ || auw || | |||
|- | |||
! б | |||
| /b/ || b || | |||
|- | |||
! в | |||
| /v/ || v || | |||
|- | |||
! г | |||
| /g/ || g || | |||
|- | |||
! ғ | |||
| /ɣ/ || g || | |||
|- | |||
! д | |||
| /d/ || d || | |||
|- | |||
! е | |||
| ɛ/, /ə/, /eː/, /ə/ || e || | |||
|- | |||
! ё | |||
| ɛ/, /ə/, /eː/, /ə/ || ë || after other vowels | |||
|- | |||
! ее | |||
| /eː/ || ee || | |||
|- | |||
! ееуў | |||
| /eːu̯/ || eeuw || | |||
|- | |||
! ей | |||
| /ɛi̯/ || ei || | |||
|- | |||
! ж | |||
| /ʒ/ || j, g || In loanwords | |||
|- | |||
! з | |||
| /z/ || z || | |||
|- | |||
! и | |||
| /ɪ/, /ə/, /i(ː)/ || i || | |||
|- | |||
! иеуў | |||
| /iu̯/ || ieuw || | |||
|- | |||
! ии | |||
| /i(ː)/ || ie || | |||
|- | |||
! ий | |||
| /ɛi̯/, /i(ː)/, /ə/ || ij || | |||
|- | |||
! й | |||
| /j/ || j || | |||
|- | |||
! к | |||
| /k/ || k || | |||
|- | |||
! л | |||
| /l/ || l || | |||
|- | |||
! м | |||
| /m/ || m || | |||
|- | |||
! н | |||
| /n/ || n || | |||
|- | |||
! нг | |||
| /ŋ/ || ng || | |||
|- | |||
! о | |||
| /ɔ/, /oː/ || o || | |||
|- | |||
! ой | |||
| /ɔi̯/ || oi || | |||
|- | |||
! оо | |||
| /oː/ || oo || | |||
|- | |||
! оой | |||
| /oːi̯/ || ooi || | |||
|- | |||
! оу | |||
| /ɑu̯/ || ou || | |||
|- | |||
! оуў | |||
| /ɑu̯/ || ouw || | |||
|- | |||
! ө | |||
| /øː/ || eu || | |||
|- | |||
! өй | |||
| /œy̯/ || ui || | |||
|- | |||
! п | |||
| /p/ || p || | |||
|- | |||
! р | |||
| /r/ || r || | |||
|- | |||
! с | |||
| /s/ || s || | |||
|- | |||
! сх | |||
| /sx/ || sch || | |||
|- | |||
! т | |||
| /t/ || t || | |||
|- | |||
! у | |||
| /u(ː)/ || oe || | |||
|- | |||
! ў | |||
| /ʋ/ || w || | |||
|- | |||
! уй | |||
| /ui̯/ || oei || | |||
|- | |||
! ү | |||
| /ʏ/, /y(ː)/ || u || | |||
|- | |||
! үў | |||
| /yu̯/ || uw || | |||
|- | |||
! үү | |||
| /y(ː)/ || uu || | |||
|- | |||
! ф | |||
| /f/ || f || | |||
|- | |||
! х | |||
| /x/ || ch || | |||
|- | |||
! һ | |||
| /ɦ/ || h || | |||
|- | |||
! ш | |||
| /ʃ/ || sch, sj || | |||
|- | |||
! щ | |||
| /s/ || sch || | |||
|} | |||
== Germanian == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Letter combination !! Sound !! Transliteration | |||
|- | |||
! а | |||
| /a/, /a:/ || a | |||
|- | |||
! аа | |||
| /a:/ || aa, ah | |||
|- | |||
! ай | |||
| /ai/ || ai | |||
|- | |||
! ау | |||
| /au/ || au | |||
|- | |||
! б | |||
| /b/ || b | |||
|- | |||
! в | |||
| /v/ || w, v | |||
|- | |||
! г | |||
| /g/ || g | |||
|- | |||
! д | |||
| /d/ || d | |||
|- | |||
! е | |||
| /e/, /e:/ || e | |||
|- | |||
! ее | |||
| /e:/ || | |||
|- | |||
! ей | |||
| /ai/ || ei | |||
|- | |||
! еү | |||
| /oi/ || eu | |||
|- | |||
! и | |||
| /i/, /i:/ || i | |||
|- | |||
! ий | |||
| /i:/ || ie, ih | |||
|- | |||
! к | |||
| /k/ || k, к | |||
|- | |||
! кк | |||
| /k/ || ck | |||
|- | |||
! л | |||
| /l/ || l | |||
|- | |||
! м | |||
| /m/ || m | |||
|- | |||
! н | |||
| /n/ || n | |||
|- | |||
! о | |||
| /o/, /o:/ || o | |||
|- | |||
! оо | |||
| /o:/ || oh, oo | |||
|- | |||
! ө | |||
| /ø/ || ö | |||
|- | |||
! өө | |||
| /ø:/ || öh | |||
|- | |||
! п | |||
| /p/ || p | |||
|- | |||
! р | |||
| /r/ || r | |||
|- | |||
! с | |||
| /s/ || s, ß | |||
|- | |||
! т | |||
| /t/ || t | |||
|- | |||
! у | |||
| /u/, /u:/ || u | |||
|- | |||
! уу | |||
| /u:/ || uh | |||
|- | |||
! ш | |||
| /ʃ/ || sch, s | |||
|- | |||
! ф | |||
| /f/ || v, f | |||
|- | |||
! ц | |||
| /ts/ || z, c | |||
|- | |||
! з | |||
| /z/ || s | |||
|- | |||
! х | |||
| /x/, /ç/ || ch | |||
|- | |||
! й | |||
| /j/ || j | |||
|- | |||
! һ | |||
| /h/ || h | |||
|- | |||
! ү | |||
| /y/ || ü | |||
|- | |||
! үү | |||
| /y:/ || üh, üü | |||
|- | |||
! э | |||
| /e/, /e:/ || ä | |||
|- | |||
! ээ | |||
| /e:/ || ää | |||
|- | |||
! эү | |||
| /oi/ || äu | |||
|} | |||
== Elw == | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Letter !! Sound !! Transliteration !! Comment | |||
|- | |||
! А а | |||
| / a / || a || | |||
|- | |||
! Б б | |||
| / b / || b || | |||
|- | |||
! В в | |||
| / β / ~ / v / || v || Variation in pronunciation dialectal, and sociolectal. /v/ is almost exclusively used in careful speech for loanwords | |||
|- | |||
! Г г | |||
| / ɢ / ~/ g / || g || Variation in pronunciation dialectal | |||
|- | |||
! Д д | |||
| / d / || d || | |||
|- | |||
! Е е | |||
| / ɛ / || e || In native-originating words, almost only found before ''r'' and ''l'', otherwise in loanwords | |||
|- | |||
! З з | |||
| / z / || z || | |||
|- | |||
! И и | |||
| / i / || i || | |||
|- | |||
! Й й | |||
| / j / || j, y, i || Usually transliterated as ''i'' when following a a vowel, but ''j'' or ''y'' when preceeding one | |||
|- | |||
! К к | |||
| / k / || k || | |||
|- | |||
! Қ қ | |||
| / q / ~ / χ / || q || Pronounced / q / when an initial (i.e. beginning a syllable), pronouced /χ / when a final (i.e. ending a syllable). Қуқ, quq, thus pronounced /quχ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Л л | |||
| / l / || l || | |||
|- | |||
! Ӆ ӆ | |||
| / ɬ / || ł, ll || In Elw, this sound is usually written лл (double-L)., this letter is only used in the beginning of a word, or before a consonant | |||
|- | |||
! М м | |||
| / m / || m || | |||
|- | |||
! Н н | |||
| / n / || n || | |||
|- | |||
! О о | |||
| / o / || o || | |||
|- | |||
! П п | |||
| / p / || p || | |||
|- | |||
! Р р | |||
| / ʁ / ~ / r / || r || The latter pronunciation is rare for native Elw speakers, though not uncommon for speakers of Elw as a second language. Furthermore, the latter pronunciation is also often heard in loanwords | |||
|- | |||
! С с | |||
| / s / || s || | |||
|- | |||
! Т т | |||
| / t / || t || | |||
|- | |||
! У у | |||
| / u / ~ /o/ || u || Variation in pronunciation dialectal | |||
|- | |||
! Х х | |||
| / h / ~ / ħ / || h || Variation in pronunciation dialectal, tends never to be mute, even in final positions. Thus ah is pronounced /ah/ or /aħ/, not /a/ | |||
|- | |||
! Ч ч | |||
| / cç / ~ / ɕ / || c, ch || Variation in pronunciation dialectal | |||
|- | |||
! Ш ш | |||
| / ʂ / || x, sh || Usually only found in loanwords | |||
|- | |||
! Ы ы | |||
| / ə / || y || | |||
|- | |||
! Ю ю | |||
| /ju/ || ju, yu || Usually only found in loanwords | |||
|- | |||
! Я я | |||
| /ja/ || ja, ya, ia || Usually only found in loanwords | |||
|} | |||
== Mishalanese == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Letter !! Transliteration | |||
|- | |||
| А а || a | |||
|- | |||
| Б б || b | |||
|- | |||
| В в || v | |||
|- | |||
| Г г || g | |||
|- | |||
| Д д || d | |||
|- | |||
| Е е || ye, e | |||
|- | |||
| Ё ё || yo | |||
|- | |||
| Ж ж || zh | |||
|- | |||
| З з || z | |||
|- | |||
| И и || i | |||
|- | |||
| Й й || y, i | |||
|- | |||
| К к || k | |||
|- | |||
| Л л || l | |||
|- | |||
| М м || m | |||
|- | |||
| Н н || n | |||
|- | |||
| О о || o | |||
|- | |||
| П п || p | |||
|- | |||
| Р р || r | |||
|- | |||
| С с || s | |||
|- | |||
| Т т || t | |||
|- | |||
| У у || u | |||
|- | |||
| Ф ф || f | |||
|- | |||
| Х х || kh | |||
|- | |||
| Ц ц || ts | |||
|- | |||
| Ч ч || ch | |||
|- | |||
| Ш ш || sh | |||
|- | |||
| Щщ || shch | |||
|- | |||
| Ъ ъ || " | |||
|- | |||
| Ъ ъ || ' | |||
|- | |||
| Ы ы || y | |||
|- | |||
| Э э || e | |||
|- | |||
| Ю ю || yu | |||
|- | |||
| Я я || ya | |||
|} | |||
== Norse == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Letter combination !! Sound !! Transliteration !! Comment | |||
|- | |||
! А а | |||
| /ɑ/ || a || | |||
|- | |||
! А̊ а̊ | |||
| /o/ || å, aa || Sometimes written ''аа'' | |||
|- | |||
! Ӕ ӕ | |||
| /æ/ || æ || | |||
|- | |||
! Б б | |||
| /b/ || b || | |||
|- | |||
! В в | |||
| /v/ || v || | |||
|- | |||
! Г г | |||
| /g/ || g || | |||
|- | |||
! Ғ ғ | |||
| /j/ || gj, g || 'g'' before i, otherwise ''gj'' | |||
|- | |||
! Д д | |||
| /d/ || d || | |||
|- | |||
! Е е | |||
| /e/, /ə/ || e || | |||
|- | |||
! И и | |||
| /i/ || i || | |||
|- | |||
! Ј ј | |||
| /j/ || j || | |||
|- | |||
! К к | |||
| /k/ || k || | |||
|- | |||
! Қ қ | |||
| /ɕ/ || kj, k || 'k'' before i, otherwise ''kj'', together with ''s'', pronounced /ʂ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Л л | |||
| /l/ || l || | |||
|- | |||
! М м | |||
| /m/ || m || | |||
|- | |||
! Н н | |||
| /n/ || n || | |||
|- | |||
! "Ӈ ӈ | |||
| " || /ŋ/ || ng || | |||
|- | |||
! О о | |||
| /o/, /u/ || o || | |||
|- | |||
! Ө ө | |||
| /ø/ || ø || | |||
|- | |||
! П п | |||
| /p/ || p || | |||
|- | |||
! Р р | |||
| /r/ || r || | |||
|- | |||
! С с | |||
| /s/ || s || | |||
|- | |||
! Т т | |||
| /t/ || t || | |||
|- | |||
! У у | |||
| /ʉ/ || u || | |||
|- | |||
! Ү ү | |||
| /y/ || y || | |||
|- | |||
! Ф ф | |||
| /f/ || f || | |||
|- | |||
! Х х | |||
| /h/ || h || | |||
|} | |||
== Ocian == | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Letter !! Sound !! Transliteration | |||
|- | |||
! А а | |||
| /a/ || a | |||
|- | |||
! Б б | |||
| /b/ || b | |||
|- | |||
! В в | |||
| /v/, /w/ || v | |||
|- | |||
! Г г | |||
| /g/ || g | |||
|- | |||
! Д д | |||
| /d/ || d | |||
|- | |||
! Е е | |||
| /ɛ/, /e/, /ə/ || e | |||
|- | |||
! Ж ж | |||
| /ʒ/ || ž | |||
|- | |||
! З з | |||
| /z/ || z | |||
|- | |||
! Ѕ ѕ | |||
| /dz/ || dz | |||
|- | |||
! И и | |||
| /i/ || i | |||
|- | |||
! Ј ј | |||
| /j/ || j | |||
|- | |||
! К к | |||
| /k/ || k | |||
|- | |||
! Л л | |||
| /l/, /w/ || lj | |||
|- | |||
! Љ љ | |||
| /ʎ/ || lj | |||
|- | |||
! М м | |||
| /m/ || m | |||
|- | |||
! Н н | |||
| /n/ || nj | |||
|- | |||
! Њ њ | |||
| /ɲ/ || nj | |||
|- | |||
! О о | |||
| /ɔ/, /o/ || o | |||
|- | |||
! П п | |||
| /p/ || p | |||
|- | |||
! Р р | |||
| /r/ || r | |||
|- | |||
! С с | |||
| /s/ || s | |||
|- | |||
! Т т | |||
| /t/ || t | |||
|- | |||
! У у | |||
| /u/ || u | |||
|- | |||
! Ф ф | |||
| /f/ || f | |||
|- | |||
! Х х | |||
| /x/ || h | |||
|- | |||
! Ц ц | |||
| /ts/ || c | |||
|- | |||
! Ч ч | |||
| "/tʃ/ || č | |||
|- | |||
! Џ џ | |||
| /d͡ʒ/ || dž | |||
|- | |||
! Ш ш | |||
| /ʃ/ || š | |||
|} | |||
== Reinish == | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Letter !! Sound !! Transliteration !! Comment | |||
|- | |||
! А а | |||
| / ɑ / || a || | |||
|- | |||
! Ӑ ӑ | |||
| / a / || á || | |||
|- | |||
! Б б | |||
| / b / || b || | |||
|- | |||
! В в | |||
| / v / || v || | |||
|- | |||
! Г г | |||
| / g / || g || | |||
|- | |||
! Д д | |||
| /t/, /d/, /ð/ || d || /d/ in the combinations ⟨dd⟩, ⟨dn⟩ and ⟨dnj⟩. /ð/ between two unstressed vowels. | |||
|- | |||
! Ԃ ԃ | |||
| / ð / || đ || | |||
|- | |||
! Е е | |||
| / e / || e || | |||
|- | |||
! Ѕ ѕ | |||
| /t͡s/, /d͡z/ || z || | |||
|- | |||
! И и | |||
| /i/, /iː/, /j/ || i || | |||
|- | |||
! Ј ј | |||
| / j / || j || | |||
|- | |||
! К к | |||
| /k/, /hk/, /kʰ/ || k || /hk/ after a voiced consonant. /kʰ/ at the beginning of a stressed syllable. | |||
|- | |||
! Л л | |||
| / l / || l || | |||
|- | |||
! М м | |||
| / m / || m || | |||
|- | |||
! Н н | |||
| / n / || n || | |||
|- | |||
! Ӈ ӈ | |||
| /ŋ/ || ŋ || | |||
|- | |||
! О о | |||
| /o/, /oː/ || o || | |||
|- | |||
! П п | |||
| "/p/, /hp/, /pʰ/ || p || /hp/ after a voiced consonant. /pʰ/ at the beginning of a stressed syllable. | |||
|- | |||
! Р р | |||
| /r/ || r || | |||
|- | |||
! С с | |||
| s || s || | |||
|- | |||
! Т т | |||
| /t/, /ht/, /tʰ/, /h(t)/, /θ/ || t || /ht/ after a voiced consonant. /tʰ/ at the beginning of a stressed syllable. /h(t)/ word-finally. /θ/ in the combination tk. | |||
|- | |||
! Ԏ ԏ | |||
| /θ/ || ŧ || | |||
|- | |||
! У у | |||
| "/u/, /uː/ || u || | |||
|- | |||
! Ф ф | |||
| /f/ || f || | |||
|- | |||
! Һ һ | |||
| /h/ || h || | |||
|- | |||
! Ц ц | |||
| "/ts/, /hts/ || c || /hts/ after a voiced consonant. | |||
|- | |||
! Џ џ | |||
| "/t͡ʃ/, /d͡ʒ/ || ž || | |||
|- | |||
! Ш ш | |||
| /ʃ/ || š || | |||
|- | |||
! Ч ч | |||
| "/tʃ/, /htʃ/ || č || /htʃ/ after a voiced consonant. | |||
|} | |||
[[Category:Elwynn]] | [[Category:Elwynn]] | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:20, 10 November 2025
The Elwynnese Unified Alphabet (EUA) is an initiative of the People's Academy of Elwynn for one coherent alphabet across the entirety of the Elwynnese State and its many languages, so that people's names, regardless of language, will have a coherent spelling across the entirety of the Elwynnese State. The Unified Alphabet is proposed to be Methodic. It has 55 letters, though not all of them are commonly used in all languages.
As of 1692, it covers Amokolian, Babkhi, Batavian, Boreal, Elw, Mishalanese, Norse, and Ocian.
Letters
The letters of the EUA are as follows. Their use in the other language (outside names, toponyms, non-nativized loanwords etc) are indicated by Y for "yes" and N for "no", and R for "rare".
| Amokolian | Babkhi | Batavian | Germanian | Elw | Mishalanese | Norse | Ocian | Reinish | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| А а | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ӑ ӑ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y |
| А̊ а̊ | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N |
| Ӕ ӕ | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N |
| Б б | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| В в | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Г г | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ғ ғ | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N |
| Д д | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ԃ ԃ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y |
| Е е | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ё ё | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Ж ж | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| З з | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N |
| Ѕ ѕ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | Y |
| И и | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ӣ ӣ | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| Й й | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Ј ј | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y |
| К к | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Қ қ | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | Y | N | N |
| Л л | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ӆ ӆ | N | N | N | N | R | N | N | N | N |
| Љ љ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N |
| М м | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Н н | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ӈ ӈ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y |
| Њ њ | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | Y | N |
| О о | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ө ө; | N | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N |
| П п | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Р р | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| С с | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Т т | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ԏ ԏ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y |
| У у | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Ӯ ӯ | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| Ў ў | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| Ү ү | N | N | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | N |
| Ф ф | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Х х | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Ҳ ҳ | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| Һ һ | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | Y |
| Ц ц | N | N | N | Y | N | Y | N | Y | Y |
| Ч ч | N | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| Ҷ ҷ | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| Џ џ | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | Y |
| Ш ш | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y |
| Щщ | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Ъ ъ | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Ъ ъ | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Ы ы | N | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Э э | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Ю ю | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Я я | N | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | N |
Amokolian
Babkhi
- See also Babkhi alphabet.
| Methodic | IPA | Transliteration |
|---|---|---|
| А а | /æ/ | a |
| Б б | /b/ | b |
| В в | /v/ | v |
| Г г | /ɡ/ | g |
| Ғ ғ | /ʁ/ | ġ, ḡ, gh |
| Д д | /d/ | d |
| Е е | /jeː, eː/ | e, ye |
| Ё ё | /jɔː/ | yo |
| Ж ж | /ʒ/ | ž, zh |
| З з | /z/ | z |
| И и | /i/ | i |
| Ӣ ӣ | /ɘ/ | ī, í, e |
| Й й | /j/ | y, ĭ, j |
| К к | /k/ | k |
| Қ қ | /q/ | q, ķ |
| Л л | /l/ | l |
| М м | /m/ | m |
| Н н | /n/ | n |
| О о | /ɔː/ | o |
| П п | /p/ | p |
| Р р | /r/ | r |
| С с | /s/ | s |
| Т т | /t/ | t |
| У у | /u/ | u |
| Ӯ ӯ | /ɵː/ | ū, ŭ |
| Ф ф | /f/ | f |
| Х х | /χ/ | h, kh, x |
| Ҳ ҳ | /h/ | ḩ, h, x |
| Ч ч | /tʃ/ | č, ch |
| Ҷ ҷ | /dʒ/ | ç, j, č̦ |
| Ш ш | /ʃ/ | š, sh |
| Ъ ъ | /ʔ/ | ' |
| Э э | /eː/ | è, e, ė |
| Ю ю | /ju/ | yu, i͡u, ju |
| Я я | /jæ/ | ya, i͡a, ja |
Batavian
| Letter combination | Sound | Transliteration | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| а | /ɑ/~/aː/ | a | |
| аа | /aː/ | aa | |
| аай | /aːi̯/ | aai | |
| ай | /ɑi̯/ | ai | |
| ау | /ɑu̯/ | au | |
| ауў | /ɑu̯/ | auw | |
| б | /b/ | b | |
| в | /v/ | v | |
| г | /g/ | g | |
| ғ | /ɣ/ | g | |
| д | /d/ | d | |
| е | ɛ/, /ə/, /eː/, /ə/ | e | |
| ё | ɛ/, /ə/, /eː/, /ə/ | ë | after other vowels |
| ее | /eː/ | ee | |
| ееуў | /eːu̯/ | eeuw | |
| ей | /ɛi̯/ | ei | |
| ж | /ʒ/ | j, g | In loanwords |
| з | /z/ | z | |
| и | /ɪ/, /ə/, /i(ː)/ | i | |
| иеуў | /iu̯/ | ieuw | |
| ии | /i(ː)/ | ie | |
| ий | /ɛi̯/, /i(ː)/, /ə/ | ij | |
| й | /j/ | j | |
| к | /k/ | k | |
| л | /l/ | l | |
| м | /m/ | m | |
| н | /n/ | n | |
| нг | /ŋ/ | ng | |
| о | /ɔ/, /oː/ | o | |
| ой | /ɔi̯/ | oi | |
| оо | /oː/ | oo | |
| оой | /oːi̯/ | ooi | |
| оу | /ɑu̯/ | ou | |
| оуў | /ɑu̯/ | ouw | |
| ө | /øː/ | eu | |
| өй | /œy̯/ | ui | |
| п | /p/ | p | |
| р | /r/ | r | |
| с | /s/ | s | |
| сх | /sx/ | sch | |
| т | /t/ | t | |
| у | /u(ː)/ | oe | |
| ў | /ʋ/ | w | |
| уй | /ui̯/ | oei | |
| ү | /ʏ/, /y(ː)/ | u | |
| үў | /yu̯/ | uw | |
| үү | /y(ː)/ | uu | |
| ф | /f/ | f | |
| х | /x/ | ch | |
| һ | /ɦ/ | h | |
| ш | /ʃ/ | sch, sj | |
| щ | /s/ | sch |
Germanian
| Letter combination | Sound | Transliteration |
|---|---|---|
| а | /a/, /a:/ | a |
| аа | /a:/ | aa, ah |
| ай | /ai/ | ai |
| ау | /au/ | au |
| б | /b/ | b |
| в | /v/ | w, v |
| г | /g/ | g |
| д | /d/ | d |
| е | /e/, /e:/ | e |
| ее | /e:/ | |
| ей | /ai/ | ei |
| еү | /oi/ | eu |
| и | /i/, /i:/ | i |
| ий | /i:/ | ie, ih |
| к | /k/ | k, к |
| кк | /k/ | ck |
| л | /l/ | l |
| м | /m/ | m |
| н | /n/ | n |
| о | /o/, /o:/ | o |
| оо | /o:/ | oh, oo |
| ө | /ø/ | ö |
| өө | /ø:/ | öh |
| п | /p/ | p |
| р | /r/ | r |
| с | /s/ | s, ß |
| т | /t/ | t |
| у | /u/, /u:/ | u |
| уу | /u:/ | uh |
| ш | /ʃ/ | sch, s |
| ф | /f/ | v, f |
| ц | /ts/ | z, c |
| з | /z/ | s |
| х | /x/, /ç/ | ch |
| й | /j/ | j |
| һ | /h/ | h |
| ү | /y/ | ü |
| үү | /y:/ | üh, üü |
| э | /e/, /e:/ | ä |
| ээ | /e:/ | ää |
| эү | /oi/ | äu |
Elw
| Letter | Sound | Transliteration | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| А а | / a / | a | |
| Б б | / b / | b | |
| В в | / β / ~ / v / | v | Variation in pronunciation dialectal, and sociolectal. /v/ is almost exclusively used in careful speech for loanwords |
| Г г | / ɢ / ~/ g / | g | Variation in pronunciation dialectal |
| Д д | / d / | d | |
| Е е | / ɛ / | e | In native-originating words, almost only found before r and l, otherwise in loanwords |
| З з | / z / | z | |
| И и | / i / | i | |
| Й й | / j / | j, y, i | Usually transliterated as i when following a a vowel, but j or y when preceeding one |
| К к | / k / | k | |
| Қ қ | / q / ~ / χ / | q | Pronounced / q / when an initial (i.e. beginning a syllable), pronouced /χ / when a final (i.e. ending a syllable). Қуқ, quq, thus pronounced /quχ/ |
| Л л | / l / | l | |
| Ӆ ӆ | / ɬ / | ł, ll | In Elw, this sound is usually written лл (double-L)., this letter is only used in the beginning of a word, or before a consonant |
| М м | / m / | m | |
| Н н | / n / | n | |
| О о | / o / | o | |
| П п | / p / | p | |
| Р р | / ʁ / ~ / r / | r | The latter pronunciation is rare for native Elw speakers, though not uncommon for speakers of Elw as a second language. Furthermore, the latter pronunciation is also often heard in loanwords |
| С с | / s / | s | |
| Т т | / t / | t | |
| У у | / u / ~ /o/ | u | Variation in pronunciation dialectal |
| Х х | / h / ~ / ħ / | h | Variation in pronunciation dialectal, tends never to be mute, even in final positions. Thus ah is pronounced /ah/ or /aħ/, not /a/ |
| Ч ч | / cç / ~ / ɕ / | c, ch | Variation in pronunciation dialectal |
| Ш ш | / ʂ / | x, sh | Usually only found in loanwords |
| Ы ы | / ə / | y | |
| Ю ю | /ju/ | ju, yu | Usually only found in loanwords |
| Я я | /ja/ | ja, ya, ia | Usually only found in loanwords |
Mishalanese
| Letter | Transliteration |
|---|---|
| А а | a |
| Б б | b |
| В в | v |
| Г г | g |
| Д д | d |
| Е е | ye, e |
| Ё ё | yo |
| Ж ж | zh |
| З з | z |
| И и | i |
| Й й | y, i |
| К к | k |
| Л л | l |
| М м | m |
| Н н | n |
| О о | o |
| П п | p |
| Р р | r |
| С с | s |
| Т т | t |
| У у | u |
| Ф ф | f |
| Х х | kh |
| Ц ц | ts |
| Ч ч | ch |
| Ш ш | sh |
| Щщ | shch |
| Ъ ъ | " |
| Ъ ъ | ' |
| Ы ы | y |
| Э э | e |
| Ю ю | yu |
| Я я | ya |
Norse
| Letter combination | Sound | Transliteration | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| А а | /ɑ/ | a | ||
| А̊ а̊ | /o/ | å, aa | Sometimes written аа | |
| Ӕ ӕ | /æ/ | æ | ||
| Б б | /b/ | b | ||
| В в | /v/ | v | ||
| Г г | /g/ | g | ||
| Ғ ғ | /j/ | gj, g | 'g before i, otherwise gj | |
| Д д | /d/ | d | ||
| Е е | /e/, /ə/ | e | ||
| И и | /i/ | i | ||
| Ј ј | /j/ | j | ||
| К к | /k/ | k | ||
| Қ қ | /ɕ/ | kj, k | 'k before i, otherwise kj, together with s, pronounced /ʂ/ | |
| Л л | /l/ | l | ||
| М м | /m/ | m | ||
| Н н | /n/ | n | ||
| "Ӈ ӈ | " | /ŋ/ | ng | |
| О о | /o/, /u/ | o | ||
| Ө ө | /ø/ | ø | ||
| П п | /p/ | p | ||
| Р р | /r/ | r | ||
| С с | /s/ | s | ||
| Т т | /t/ | t | ||
| У у | /ʉ/ | u | ||
| Ү ү | /y/ | y | ||
| Ф ф | /f/ | f | ||
| Х х | /h/ | h |
Ocian
| Letter | Sound | Transliteration |
|---|---|---|
| А а | /a/ | a |
| Б б | /b/ | b |
| В в | /v/, /w/ | v |
| Г г | /g/ | g |
| Д д | /d/ | d |
| Е е | /ɛ/, /e/, /ə/ | e |
| Ж ж | /ʒ/ | ž |
| З з | /z/ | z |
| Ѕ ѕ | /dz/ | dz |
| И и | /i/ | i |
| Ј ј | /j/ | j |
| К к | /k/ | k |
| Л л | /l/, /w/ | lj |
| Љ љ | /ʎ/ | lj |
| М м | /m/ | m |
| Н н | /n/ | nj |
| Њ њ | /ɲ/ | nj |
| О о | /ɔ/, /o/ | o |
| П п | /p/ | p |
| Р р | /r/ | r |
| С с | /s/ | s |
| Т т | /t/ | t |
| У у | /u/ | u |
| Ф ф | /f/ | f |
| Х х | /x/ | h |
| Ц ц | /ts/ | c |
| Ч ч | "/tʃ/ | č |
| Џ џ | /d͡ʒ/ | dž |
| Ш ш | /ʃ/ | š |
Reinish
| Letter | Sound | Transliteration | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| А а | / ɑ / | a | |
| Ӑ ӑ | / a / | á | |
| Б б | / b / | b | |
| В в | / v / | v | |
| Г г | / g / | g | |
| Д д | /t/, /d/, /ð/ | d | /d/ in the combinations ⟨dd⟩, ⟨dn⟩ and ⟨dnj⟩. /ð/ between two unstressed vowels. |
| Ԃ ԃ | / ð / | đ | |
| Е е | / e / | e | |
| Ѕ ѕ | /t͡s/, /d͡z/ | z | |
| И и | /i/, /iː/, /j/ | i | |
| Ј ј | / j / | j | |
| К к | /k/, /hk/, /kʰ/ | k | /hk/ after a voiced consonant. /kʰ/ at the beginning of a stressed syllable. |
| Л л | / l / | l | |
| М м | / m / | m | |
| Н н | / n / | n | |
| Ӈ ӈ | /ŋ/ | ŋ | |
| О о | /o/, /oː/ | o | |
| П п | "/p/, /hp/, /pʰ/ | p | /hp/ after a voiced consonant. /pʰ/ at the beginning of a stressed syllable. |
| Р р | /r/ | r | |
| С с | s | s | |
| Т т | /t/, /ht/, /tʰ/, /h(t)/, /θ/ | t | /ht/ after a voiced consonant. /tʰ/ at the beginning of a stressed syllable. /h(t)/ word-finally. /θ/ in the combination tk. |
| Ԏ ԏ | /θ/ | ŧ | |
| У у | "/u/, /uː/ | u | |
| Ф ф | /f/ | f | |
| Һ һ | /h/ | h | |
| Ц ц | "/ts/, /hts/ | c | /hts/ after a voiced consonant. |
| Џ џ | "/t͡ʃ/, /d͡ʒ/ | ž | |
| Ш ш | /ʃ/ | š | |
| Ч ч | "/tʃ/, /htʃ/ | č | /htʃ/ after a voiced consonant. |