User:Joe/Sovereignty of the Sky

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Introduction

Article I – General principles

  1. The Treaty establishes a system of airspace classification, for use across all signatories, and knowledge of the classification system will be required for any pilots flying internationally, regardless of whether their home nation or the nation of registration, departure or destination of their aircraft is a signatory or not.
  2. The Treaty seeks to establish rights and privileges for airlines to fly over other nations' airspace without unnecessary disruption.
  3. The Treaty sets out a responsibility for all airspace controllers to render assistance to any civil and commercial flight as necessary.
  4. The Treaty also sets out guidelines for passage over neutral (unclaimed) airspace, and sets out who is responsible for maintaining and rendering assistance within neutral airspace.
  5. The Treaty also provides for individual signatories to establish certain reasonable restrictions to their airspace, in order to protect their own national security.

Article II – Airspace classification

  1. Classes A–C are established at the discretion of an individual control authority. All other classes of airspace are established by this Treaty.
  2. "Class A" airspace is highly restricted, intended for facilities such as military bases, and therefore may only be entered, with clearance, by a nation's own military aircraft, military aircraft of nations friendly to the host nation and civil and commercial aircraft in the case of a "mayday" emergency, provided no other alternative facility can practicably be reached by that aircraft. "Class A" airspace extends from ground level up to a maximum height of 6,000 metres.
  3. "Class B" airspace is restricted airspace, intended for facilities such as large international airports. Clearance is needed to enter this airspace for any aircraft. "Class B" airspace extends from ground level up to a maximum height of 3,000 metres above ground level.
  4. "Class C" airspace is restricted airspace, intended for smaller-scale facilities, such as regional and local airports. Clearance is only needed to land at these facilities, and they may be overflown by any aircraft granted clearance to enter any lesser-restricted class of airspace, provided the overflight is at a height of 1,000 metres or more. "Class C" airspace extends from ground level up to a maximum height of 1,500 metres.
  5. "Class D" airspace is any other airspace within the area of an individual control authority that is not classified as any aforementioned classification. This is unrestricted airspace, and no clearance is needed to enter this space, however contact with the control authority must be established within 20 kilometres of flight in any direction from the point of entry. Individual control authorities are permitted to refuse clearance to enter this airspace at their own discretion, however, any commercial flights scheduled to take-off or land within the area controlled by that authority shall not have clearance unreasonably denied. "Class D" airspace extends from ground level up to a maximum height of 7,500 metres.
  6. "Class G" airspace is unrestricted, sovereign airspace, that is, it is outside of the control of any signatory nation. No clearance is required to enter this space, and no control authority shall have the right to refuse entry into this space. "Class G" airspace extends from a height of 7,500 metres up to a height of 18,000 metres.
  7. "Class S" airspace, for the purposes of this Treaty, is classified as outer space. This space extends from a height of 18,000 metres up to the edge of the observable universe, and is not subject to any particular control authority. Space flights are conducted entirely under the auspices of the nation of registration, and any space craft returning to Micras from space are not subject to any airspace restrictions, unless the flight is powered under its own control (i.e. still has functional engines and control surfaces).

Article III – Rights of passage

  1. All aircraft shall be granted unrestricted access to all "Class G" airspace

Article IV – Rights to assistance

Article V – Passage over and control of neutral airspace

Article VI – Protection of national security