Gerenian language: Difference between revisions
(Created page with ''''Gerenian''' (''[engre] žerénies'') is a conlang spoken in the Republic of Gerenia, where it has official status. Most Gerenian…') |
mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
If the stem of the verb ends in a consonant, a letter ''e'' is added to the suffix in order to make pronounciation easier. | If the stem of the verb ends in a consonant, a letter ''e'' is added to the suffix in order to make pronounciation easier. | ||
When the subject is a [[wikipedia:Personal pronoun]], such pronoun must be placed after the stem of the verb (and before the tense suffix, if any). | When the subject is a [[wikipedia:Personal pronoun|personal pronoun]], such pronoun must be placed after the stem of the verb (and before the tense suffix, if any). | ||
===Articles and determiners=== | ===Articles and determiners=== | ||
Gerenian has two articles: a [[wikipedia:Definite article|definite article]], corresponding to English ''the'', and an [[wikipedia:Indefinite article|indefinite article]], corresponding to English ''a/an''. | Gerenian has two articles: a [[wikipedia:Definite article|definite article]], corresponding to English ''the'', and an [[wikipedia:Indefinite article|indefinite article]], corresponding to English ''a/an''. | ||
| Line 77: | Line 77: | ||
!width=100 |Number | !width=100 |Number | ||
!width=100 |Person | !width=100 |Person | ||
!width= | !width=130 |Pronoun | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=3|Singular | | rowspan=3|Singular | ||
| Line 116: | Line 116: | ||
There are two common word orders: one ([[wikipedia:Verb-subject-object|VSO]]) for sentences where the subject is a pronoun, and another ([[wikipedia:Subject-verb-object|SVO]]) for sentences where the subject is not a pronoun, and for questions. | There are two common word orders: one ([[wikipedia:Verb-subject-object|VSO]]) for sentences where the subject is a pronoun, and another ([[wikipedia:Subject-verb-object|SVO]]) for sentences where the subject is not a pronoun, and for questions. | ||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
''Coming soon'' | |||
==Ortography== | ==Ortography== | ||
''Coming soon'' | |||
===Gerenian alphabet=== | ===Gerenian alphabet=== | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
''Coming soon'' | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
[[Category:Gerenia]] | [[Category:Gerenia]] | ||
Revision as of 23:19, 22 November 2012
Gerenian ([engre] žerénies) is a conlang spoken in the Republic of Gerenia, where it has official status.
Most Gerenian vocabulary has been created with random letter sequences, while some words are derived from other languages, mainly English and Spanish.
Gerenian is written using the Latin alphabet.
History
Coming soon
Origin
Development
Grammar
Gerenian is an inflected language with three grammatical genders.
Nouns
Gerenian nouns inflect into:
- two cases: nominative and genitive.
- three genders: masculine, feminine, or neuter.
- two numbers: singular and plural.
Verbs
Inflection of standard Gerenian includes:
- three persons: 1st, 2nd, 3rd.
- two numbers: singular and plural.
- three moods: indicative, imperative, and subjunctive (in addition to the infinitive).
- two voices: active and passive.
- three tenses: present, preterite, future, present perfect and past perfect.
Conjugation of Gerenian verbs consist on isolating the stem of the verb and adding one or two endings, depending on the sentence.
| Mood | Tense | Prefix | Suffix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | Present | — | — |
| Preterite | — | -(e)l | |
| Future | — | -(e)r | |
| Past perfect | a- | -(e)l | |
| Present perfect | a- | — | |
| Imperative | — | — | -(e)m |
| Subjunctive | — | — | -(e)f |
If the stem of the verb ends in a consonant, a letter e is added to the suffix in order to make pronounciation easier.
When the subject is a personal pronoun, such pronoun must be placed after the stem of the verb (and before the tense suffix, if any).
Articles and determiners
Gerenian has two articles: a definite article, corresponding to English the, and an indefinite article, corresponding to English a/an.
The possessive determiners are used to indicate the possessor of the noun they determine, and they are formed in adding to the noun the corresponding pronoun as a prefix.
The demonstrative determiners can mean either this or that, these or those. In Gerenian, the word der is the only demonstrative determiner, and is added to the noun as a prefix.
Pronouns
The personal pronouns are the following:
| Number | Person | Pronoun |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | 1st | io |
| 2nd | ni | |
| 3rd | je, ja, de | |
| Plural | 1st | ios |
| 2nd | nis | |
| 3rd | jei, jai, des |
Adjectives
An adjective agrees in gender and number (except the neutral ones) with the noun it modifies, and it always appear after it.
The feminine adjectives are formed by adding the suffix -ka (singular) or -kai (plural). Analogously, the masculine adjectives are formed by adding either the suffix -ke (singular) or -kei (plural). Regarding the neutral form, the suffix -es must be added, regardless of the number of the modified noun.
Adverbs
They are used to modify adjectives, other adverbs and verbs or clauses. All adverbs are formed by adding the suffix -so to the neutral form of the adjective they are derived from.
Negation
Negation in both the indicative and the subjunctive mood are formed in adding the prefix -dis to the verb. On the other hand, in order to express negation in the imperative mood, the word na is used.
Examples:
- «Diseztjel'at sodki.» — "He did not see anybody."
- «Na ilbnim.» — "Do not come (here)."
Word order
There are two common word orders: one (VSO) for sentences where the subject is a pronoun, and another (SVO) for sentences where the subject is not a pronoun, and for questions.
Vocabulary
Coming soon
Ortography
Coming soon
Gerenian alphabet
Phonology
Coming soon
